Pathfinder Wiki - User contributions [en]

AY Honors/Navigation/Answer Key

2016-05-05T13:33:52Z

DigitalBunnyEars: /* Buoys used to mark the edges of channels: */

<languages /><br />
<noinclude><translate>
</noinclude>
{{honor_desc
|stage=50
|honorname=Navigation
|skill=2
|year=1953
|category=Recreation
|authority=General Conference
|insignia=Navigation_Honor.png
}}
{{Honor_Master|honor=Navigation|master=Aquatic}}

==1. Have the Weather Honor == 
{{honor_prerequisite|category=Nature|honor=Weather}}

==2. Know at least 20 nautical terms used in navigation. == 
;Aboard: on board, or being present on a boat.
;Aft of after: toward or near the rear of a boat.
;Amidships: halfway between the front and rear of a boat.
;Astern: behind the boat or backwards.
;Bay: a body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth, affording access to the sea.
;Beacon: a signaling or guiding device, such as a lighthouse, located on a coast.
;Binnacle: protective box for a compass.
;Bollards: short, heavy posts on a pier for securing boats.
;Bow: the front section of a ship or boat.
;Buoy: a float moored in water to mark a location, warn of danger, or indicate a navigational channel.
;Channel: the deeper part of a river or harbor, especially a deep navigable passage.
;Cuddy: small space under the foredeck for storage.
;Fathom: a unit of length equal to 6 feet (1.83 meters), used principally in the measurement and specification of marine depths.
;Draught: the depth of a loaded vessel in the water, taken from the level of the waterline to the lowest point of the hull.
;Galley: marine name for kitchen.
;Harbor: a sheltered part of a body of water deep enough to provide anchorage for ships.
;Hatch: an opening through the deck through an area below.
;Heading: the course or direction in which a ship or aircraft is moving.
;Heave: marine name for throw.
;Helmsman: pilot of the boat, the person who steers.
;Hull: the main body of the boat.
;Keel: the backbone of the boat that extends from bow to stern.
;Knot: a unit of speed, one nautical mile per hour, approximately 1.85 kilometers (1.15 statute miles) per hour.
;Latitude: the distance north or south of the earth's equator, measured in degrees along a meridian, as on a map or globe.
;Leeward: the direction the wind is blowing.
;Longitude: distance on the earth's surface, measured east or west from the prime meridian at Greenwich, England, to the meridian passing through a position, expressed in degrees (or hours), minutes, and seconds.
;Port: left side of a boat when looking toward the bow.
;Sounding: A measured depth of water.
;Starboard: the right side of a boat when looking toward the bow.
;Stern: back end of the boat.
;Swab: marine name for a mop.
;Underway: when a boat is moving through the water.
;Waterway: A navigable body of water, such as a river, channel, or canal.
;Waypoint: a point between major points on a route, as along a track.

==3. Name at least three aids to navigation and their functions. By whom are these maintained? == 


An aid to navigation is any device external to a craft that is designed to assist in determining the location of the craft, a safe course for the craft, or to warn of dangers. Most aids to navigation are established and maintained by the government. In the U.S., this is done by the Coast Guards.
;a. Lighthouse: are located along the seacoast and at important harbor entrances. They operate automatically without a full-time lighthouse keeper.
;b. Beacon: miniature, unmanned, lighthouses that are placed along banks and ledges to mark isolated dangers. Horns and mechanical bells are sometimes used in beacons during times when visibility is low.
;c. Buoys: floating navigational aids that are divided into 3 categories- unlighted, sound, and lighted.
;d. Radio beacons: by use of radio signals, this system is designed to meet at least 3 objectives: to give a nearly continuous 2 position line capability to a distance offshore of at least 50 miles: to give working ranges up to 160 miles at certain key locations for approaching from far offshore and to provide continuous, low-powered guidance for inshore navigation.

==4. Name six types of buoys. What do they mean and how are they used? Give the colors of the six you named. How are buoys numbered? How do they mark channels? == 
===Buoys used to mark the edges of channels:===
;a. Nun buoys: painted red with even numbers.
;b. Can buoys: painted green with odd numbers.
;c. Spar buoys: are painted red with even numbers and black with odd numbers. When entering a harbor, keep red buoys to starboard, and black buoys to port.

===Buoys used to mark obstructions, anchorage, fishing nets, and fairways:=== 
;a. Mid-channel buoys: have a white light and have white and black vertical stripes. They show the direction to the harbor.
;b. Fairway buoys: may be of any shape. They are painted black and white vertical stripes. These buoys mark the center of a channel or fairway and should be passed close aboard on either hand.
;c. Anchorage buoys: are always white and mark where an anchorage may be made.

==5. Box a compass with eight cardinal points. Why is it so important in navigation? Where is it mounted in the vessel, and why? == 
The compass is used along with a geometry compass, dividers, parallel rules, a straightedge, and a protractor to find the boat’s position on charts. When the sky is overcast and there is no land in sight, it is very easy to get disoriented. The compass will keep you on course and help you find your way back to port.
Compasses are meant to be mounted on bulkheads, atop consoles, gimbals, or brackets. Some are flushed and mounted. Flush mounts are better because they transmit less vibration than a bracket-mount compass. The compass should have a guard to protect it from damage and a hood to eliminate sun glare.

==6. Name four of the most useful knots in seamanship. Know how to tie them and give their principal uses. == 
{{TODO|Find an illustration and create a template for the mooring hitch.}}


{{Knot_square}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Two half hitches}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Bowline}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Figure 8}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Mooring Hitch}}


{{Knot_clove_hitch}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Sheetbend}}

==7. Familiarize yourself with reading and interpreting a "chart." Why is a chart so invaluable in unknown waters? Give some of the things a chart shows. Give the symbols used on a chart, or two of the most used buoys. == 
==8. When you are taking an active part in navigation, what are three of the best safety rules to follow? ==
# Stay alert to nearby vessels, hazards and changing weather conditions. Refrain from substances or practices that could impair judgment or alertness (e.g. alcohol, lack of sleep).
# Travel at safe and appropriate speeds.
# Follow the "rules of the road."

==9. What does it mean to be properly equipped? Illustrate. == 
'''A properly equipped boat has on it:'''

'''Appropriate sized life preservers for all aboard.'''
Button, zip and strap up all of the closures of the lifejacket.. The jacket should be snug but not so tight that you can’t breathe. Lift your arms in the air. Make an eleven with your arms, the universal football touchdown sign, and put your hands straight up in the air. If the life jacket does not rise, it’s a good fit. Follow this rule for adults and children. (Could draw a person with their arms raised up and the lifejacket fitting snuggly to body, not moving upward.)

'''A fire extinguisher classified for the type of fire its designed to extinguish.''' A 'Class B' Fire Extinguisher will be needed on the vessel. This type of extinguisher is for gasoline, oil, paint and other flammable liquids. The extinguisher will contain foam, ABC powder or carbon dioxide to put out the fire.

'''A properly ventilated fuel tank and engine room''' At least 2 ventilator ducts fitted with cowls of for the purpose of properly and efficiently ventilating the bilges of every inboard engine and fuel tank compartment of boats constructed or decked over after April 25, 1940, using gasoline or other fuel having a flashpoint less than 110 F. Boats built after 31 July 1980 must have operable power blowers.

'''A whistle, bell or horn.''' Any Device capable or making an "efficient sound signal" audible for 1/2 mile.

'''Visual distress signals.''' Required only when operating at night (N). Some night equipment choices as for larger boats including: Orange Flag with Black Square-and-disc (day); and an S-O-S electric light (night); or 3 orange smoke signals, hand held or floating (day); or 3 red flares of handheld, meteor, or parachute type (day/night).

'''Navigational lights to be displayed between dusk and dawn.''' Recreational boats operating at night are required to display navigation lights between sunset and sunrise.

==10. What is meant by "rules of the road" and by "proper water etiquette?" ==
{{TODO|Add "proper water etiquette"}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Recreation/Sailing/Rules of the road}}

==References== 
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]

AY Honors/Navigation/Answer Key

2016-02-22T22:51:50Z

DigitalBunnyEars:

<languages /><br />
<noinclude><translate>
</noinclude>
{{honor_desc
|stage=50
|honorname=Navigation
|skill=2
|year=1953
|category=Recreation
|authority=General Conference
|insignia=Navigation_Honor.png
}}
{{Honor_Master|honor=Navigation|master=Aquatic}}

==1. Have the Weather Honor == 
{{honor_prerequisite|category=Nature|honor=Weather}}

==2. Know at least 20 nautical terms used in navigation. == 
;Aboard: on board, or being present on a boat.
;Aft of after: toward or near the rear of a boat.
;Amidships: halfway between the front and rear of a boat.
;Astern: behind the boat or backwards.
;Bay: a body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth, affording access to the sea.
;Beacon: a signaling or guiding device, such as a lighthouse, located on a coast.
;Binnacle: protective box for a compass.
;Bollards: short, heavy posts on a pier for securing boats.
;Bow: the front section of a ship or boat.
;Buoy: a float moored in water to mark a location, warn of danger, or indicate a navigational channel.
;Channel: the deeper part of a river or harbor, especially a deep navigable passage.
;Cuddy: small space under the foredeck for storage.
;Fathom: a unit of length equal to 6 feet (1.83 meters), used principally in the measurement and specification of marine depths.
;Draught: the depth of a loaded vessel in the water, taken from the level of the waterline to the lowest point of the hull.
;Galley: marine name for kitchen.
;Harbor: a sheltered part of a body of water deep enough to provide anchorage for ships.
;Hatch: an opening through the deck through an area below.
;Heading: the course or direction in which a ship or aircraft is moving.
;Heave: marine name for throw.
;Helmsman: pilot of the boat, the person who steers.
;Hull: the main body of the boat.
;Keel: the backbone of the boat that extends from bow to stern.
;Knot: a unit of speed, one nautical mile per hour, approximately 1.85 kilometers (1.15 statute miles) per hour.
;Latitude: the distance north or south of the earth's equator, measured in degrees along a meridian, as on a map or globe.
;Leeward: the direction the wind is blowing.
;Longitude: distance on the earth's surface, measured east or west from the prime meridian at Greenwich, England, to the meridian passing through a position, expressed in degrees (or hours), minutes, and seconds.
;Port: left side of a boat when looking toward the bow.
;Sounding: A measured depth of water.
;Starboard: the right side of a boat when looking toward the bow.
;Stern: back end of the boat.
;Swab: marine name for a mop.
;Underway: when a boat is moving through the water.
;Waterway: A navigable body of water, such as a river, channel, or canal.
;Waypoint: a point between major points on a route, as along a track.

==3. Name at least three aids to navigation and their functions. By whom are these maintained? == 


An aid to navigation is any device external to a craft that is designed to assist in determining the location of the craft, a safe course for the craft, or to warn of dangers. Most aids to navigation are established and maintained by the government. In the U.S., this is done by the Coast Guards.
;a. Lighthouse: are located along the seacoast and at important harbor entrances. They operate automatically without a full-time lighthouse keeper.
;b. Beacon: miniature, unmanned, lighthouses that are placed along banks and ledges to mark isolated dangers. Horns and mechanical bells are sometimes used in beacons during times when visibility is low.
;c. Buoys: floating navigational aids that are divided into 3 categories- unlighted, sound, and lighted.
;d. Radio beacons: by use of radio signals, this system is designed to meet at least 3 objectives: to give a nearly continuous 2 position line capability to a distance offshore of at least 50 miles: to give working ranges up to 160 miles at certain key locations for approaching from far offshore and to provide continuous, low-powered guidance for inshore navigation.

==4. Name six types of buoys. What do they mean and how are they used? Give the colors of the six you named. How are buoys numbered? How do they mark channels? == 
===Buoys used to mark the edges of channels:===
;a. Nun buoys: painted red with even numbers.
;b. Can buoys: painted black with odd numbers.
;c. Spar buoys: are painted red with even numbers and black with odd numbers. When entering a harbor, keep red buoys to starboard, and black buoys to port.

===Buoys used to mark obstructions, anchorage, fishing nets, and fairways:=== 
;a. Mid-channel buoys: have a white light and have white and black vertical stripes. They show the direction to the harbor.
;b. Fairway buoys: may be of any shape. They are painted black and white vertical stripes. These buoys mark the center of a channel or fairway and should be passed close aboard on either hand.
;c. Anchorage buoys: are always white and mark where an anchorage may be made.

==5. Box a compass with eight cardinal points. Why is it so important in navigation? Where is it mounted in the vessel, and why? == 
The compass is used along with a geometry compass, dividers, parallel rules, a straightedge, and a protractor to find the boat’s position on charts. When the sky is overcast and there is no land in sight, it is very easy to get disoriented. The compass will keep you on course and help you find your way back to port.
Compasses are meant to be mounted on bulkheads, atop consoles, gimbals, or brackets. Some are flushed and mounted. Flush mounts are better because they transmit less vibration than a bracket-mount compass. The compass should have a guard to protect it from damage and a hood to eliminate sun glare.

==6. Name four of the most useful knots in seamanship. Know how to tie them and give their principal uses. == 
{{TODO|Find an illustration and create a template for the mooring hitch.}}


{{Knot_square}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Two half hitches}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Bowline}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Figure 8}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Mooring Hitch}}


{{Knot_clove_hitch}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Sheetbend}}

==7. Familiarize yourself with reading and interpreting a "chart." Why is a chart so invaluable in unknown waters? Give some of the things a chart shows. Give the symbols used on a chart, or two of the most used buoys. == 
==8. When you are taking an active part in navigation, what are three of the best safety rules to follow? ==
# Stay alert to nearby vessels, hazards and changing weather conditions. Refrain from substances or practices that could impair judgment or alertness (e.g. alcohol, lack of sleep).
# Travel at safe and appropriate speeds.
# Follow the "rules of the road."

==9. What does it mean to be properly equipped? Illustrate. == 
'''A properly equipped boat has on it:'''

'''Appropriate sized life preservers for all aboard.'''
Button, zip and strap up all of the closures of the lifejacket.. The jacket should be snug but not so tight that you can’t breathe. Lift your arms in the air. Make an eleven with your arms, the universal football touchdown sign, and put your hands straight up in the air. If the life jacket does not rise, it’s a good fit. Follow this rule for adults and children. (Could draw a person with their arms raised up and the lifejacket fitting snuggly to body, not moving upward.)

'''A fire extinguisher classified for the type of fire its designed to extinguish.''' A 'Class B' Fire Extinguisher will be needed on the vessel. This type of extinguisher is for gasoline, oil, paint and other flammable liquids. The extinguisher will contain foam, ABC powder or carbon dioxide to put out the fire.

'''A properly ventilated fuel tank and engine room''' At least 2 ventilator ducts fitted with cowls of for the purpose of properly and efficiently ventilating the bilges of every inboard engine and fuel tank compartment of boats constructed or decked over after April 25, 1940, using gasoline or other fuel having a flashpoint less than 110 F. Boats built after 31 July 1980 must have operable power blowers.

'''A whistle, bell or horn.''' Any Device capable or making an "efficient sound signal" audible for 1/2 mile.

'''Visual distress signals.''' Required only when operating at night (N). Some night equipment choices as for larger boats including: Orange Flag with Black Square-and-disc (day); and an S-O-S electric light (night); or 3 orange smoke signals, hand held or floating (day); or 3 red flares of handheld, meteor, or parachute type (day/night).

'''Navigational lights to be displayed between dusk and dawn.''' Recreational boats operating at night are required to display navigation lights between sunset and sunrise.

==10. What is meant by "rules of the road" and by "proper water etiquette?" ==
{{TODO|Add "proper water etiquette"}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Recreation/Sailing/Rules of the road}}

==References== 
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]

AY Honors/Navigation/Answer Key

2016-02-22T22:50:33Z

DigitalBunnyEars:

<languages /><br />
<noinclude><translate>
</noinclude>
{{honor_desc
|stage=50
|honorname=Navigation
|skill=2
|year=1953
|category=Recreation
|authority=General Conference
|insignia=Navigation_Honor.png
}}
{{Honor_Master|honor=Navigation|master=Aquatic}}

==1. Have the Weather Honor == 
{{honor_prerequisite|category=Nature|honor=Weather}}

==2. Know at least 20 nautical terms used in navigation. == 
;Aboard: on board, or being present on a boat.
;Aft of after: toward or near the rear of a boat.
;Amidships: halfway between the front and rear of a boat.
;Astern: behind the boat or backwards.
;Bay: a body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth, affording access to the sea.
;Beacon: a signaling or guiding device, such as a lighthouse, located on a coast.
;Binnacle: protective box for a compass.
;Bollards: short, heavy posts on a pier for securing boats.
;Bow: the front section of a ship or boat.
;Buoy: a float moored in water to mark a location, warn of danger, or indicate a navigational channel.
;Channel: the deeper part of a river or harbor, especially a deep navigable passage.
;Cuddy: small space under the foredeck for storage.
;Fathom: a unit of length equal to 6 feet (1.83 meters), used principally in the measurement and specification of marine depths.
;Draught: the depth of a loaded vessel in the water, taken from the level of the waterline to the lowest point of the hull.
;Galley: marine name for kitchen.
;Harbor: a sheltered part of a body of water deep enough to provide anchorage for ships.
;Hatch: an opening through the deck through an area below.
;Heading: the course or direction in which a ship or aircraft is moving.
;Heave: marine name for throw.
;Helmsman: pilot of the boat, the person who steers.
;Hull: the main body of the boat.
;Keel: the backbone of the boat that extends from bow to stern.
;Knot: a unit of speed, one nautical mile per hour, approximately 1.85 kilometers (1.15 statute miles) per hour.
;Latitude: the distance north or south of the earth's equator, measured in degrees along a meridian, as on a map or globe.
;Leeward: the direction the wind is blowing.
;Longitude: distance on the earth's surface, measured east or west from the prime meridian at Greenwich, England, to the meridian passing through a position, expressed in degrees (or hours), minutes, and seconds.
;Port: left side of a boat when looking toward the bow.
;Sounding: A measured depth of water.
;Starboard: the right side of a boat when looking toward the bow.
;Stern: back end of the boat.
;Swab: marine name for a mop.
;Underway: when a boat is moving through the water.
;Waterway: A navigable body of water, such as a river, channel, or canal.
;Waypoint: a point between major points on a route, as along a track.

==3. Name at least three aids to navigation and their functions. By whom are these maintained? == 


An aid to navigation is any device external to a craft that is designed to assist in determining the location of the craft, a safe course for the craft, or to warn of dangers. Most aids to navigation are established and maintained by the government. In the U.S., this is done by the Coast Guards.
;a. Lighthouse: are located along the seacoast and at important harbor entrances. They operate automatically without a full-time lighthouse keeper.
;b. Beacon: miniature, unmanned, lighthouses that are placed along banks and ledges to mark isolated dangers. Horns and mechanical bells are sometimes used in beacons during times when visibility is low.
;c. Buoys: floating navigational aids that are divided into 3 categories- unlighted, sound, and lighted.
;d. Radio beacons: by use of radio signals, this system is designed to meet at least 3 objectives: to give a nearly continuous 2 position line capability to a distance offshore of at least 50 miles: to give working ranges up to 160 miles at certain key locations for approaching from far offshore and to provide continuous, low-powered guidance for inshore navigation.

==4. Name six types of buoys. What do they mean and how are they used? Give the colors of the six you named. How are buoys numbered? How do they mark channels? == 
===Buoys used to mark the edges of channels:===
;a. Nun buoys: painted red with even numbers.
;b. Can buoys: painted black with odd numbers.
;c. Spar buoys: are painted red with even numbers and black with odd numbers. When entering a harbor, keep red buoys to starboard, and black buoys to port.

===Buoys used to mark obstructions, anchorage, fishing nets, and fairways:=== 
;a. Mid-channel buoys: have a white light and have white and black vertical stripes. They show the direction to the harbor.
;b. Fairway buoys: may be of any shape. They are painted black and white vertical stripes. These buoys mark the center of a channel or fairway and should be passed close aboard on either hand.
;c. Anchorage buoys: are always white and mark where an anchorage may be made.

==5. Box a compass with eight cardinal points. Why is it so important in navigation? Where is it mounted in the vessel, and why? == 
The compass is used along with a geometry compass, dividers, parallel rules, a straightedge, and a protractor to find the boat’s position on charts. When the sky is overcast and there is no land in sight, it is very easy to get disoriented. The compass will keep you on course and help you find your way back to port.
Compasses are meant to be mounted on bulkheads, atop consoles, gimbals, or brackets. Some are flushed and mounted. Flush mounts are better because they transmit less vibration than a bracket-mount compass. The compass should have a guard to protect it from damage and a hood to eliminate sun glare.

==6. Name four of the most useful knots in seamanship. Know how to tie them and give their principal uses. == 
{{TODO|Find an illustration and create a template for the mooring hitch.}}


{{Knot_square}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Two half hitches}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Bowline}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Figure 8}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Mooring Hitch}}


{{Knot_clove_hitch}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Sheetbend}}

==7. Familiarize yourself with reading and interpreting a "chart." Why is a chart so invaluable in unknown waters? Give some of the things a chart shows. Give the symbols used on a chart, or two of the most used buoys. == 
==8. When you are taking an active part in navigation, what are three of the best safety rules to follow? ==
# Stay alert to nearby vessels, hazards and changing weather conditions. Refrain from substances or practices that could impair judgment or alertness (e.g. alcohol, lack of sleep).
# Travel at safe and appropriate speeds.
# Follow the "rules of the road."

==9. What does it mean to be properly equipped? Illustrate. == 
'''A properly equipped boat has on it:'''

'''Appropriate sized life preservers for all aboard.'''
Button, zip and strap up all of the closures of the lifejacket. The jacket should be snug but not so tight that you can’t breathe. Lift your arms in the air. Make an eleven with your arms, the universal football touchdown sign, and put your hands straight up in the air. If the life jacket does not rise, it’s a good fit. Follow this rule for adults and children.

'''A fire extinguisher classified for the type of fire it's designed to extinguish.''' A 'Class B' Fire Extinguisher will be needed on the vessel. This type of extinguisher is for gasoline, oil, paint and other flammable liquids. The extinguisher will contain foam, ABC powder or carbon dioxide to put out the fire.

'''A properly ventilated fuel tank and engine room''' At least 2 ventilator ducts fitted with cowls of for the purpose of properly and efficiently ventilating the bilges of every inboard engine and fuel tank compartment of boats constructed or decked over after April 25, 1940, using gasoline or other fuel having a flashpoint less than 110 F. Boats built after 31 July 1980 must have operable power blowers.

'''A whistle, bell or horn.''' Any Device capable or making an "efficient sound signal" audible for 1/2 mile.

'''Visual distress signals.''' Required only when operating at night (N). Some night equipment choices as for larger boats including: Orange Flag with Black Square-and-disc (day); and an S-O-S electric light (night); or 3 orange smoke signals, hand held or floating (day); or 3 red flares of handheld, meteor, or parachute type (day/night).

'''Navigational lights to be displayed between dusk and dawn.''' Recreational boats operating at night are required to display navigation lights between sunset and sunrise.

==10. What is meant by "rules of the road" and by "proper water etiquette?" ==
{{TODO|Add "proper water etiquette"}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Recreation/Sailing/Rules of the road}}

==References== 
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]

AY Honors/Navigation/Answer Key

2016-02-22T14:57:41Z

DigitalBunnyEars:

<languages /><br />
<noinclude><translate>
</noinclude>
{{honor_desc
|stage=50
|honorname=Navigation
|skill=2
|year=1953
|category=Recreation
|authority=General Conference
|insignia=Navigation_Honor.png
}}
{{Honor_Master|honor=Navigation|master=Aquatic}}

==1. Have the Weather Honor == 
{{honor_prerequisite|category=Nature|honor=Weather}}

==2. Know at least 20 nautical terms used in navigation. == 
;Aboard: on board, or being present on a boat.
;Aft of after: toward or near the rear of a boat.
;Amidships: halfway between the front and rear of a boat.
;Astern: behind the boat or backwards.
;Bay: a body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth, affording access to the sea.
;Beacon: a signaling or guiding device, such as a lighthouse, located on a coast.
;Binnacle: protective box for a compass.
;Bollards: short, heavy posts on a pier for securing boats.
;Bow: the front section of a ship or boat.
;Buoy: a float moored in water to mark a location, warn of danger, or indicate a navigational channel.
;Channel: the deeper part of a river or harbor, especially a deep navigable passage.
;Cuddy: small space under the foredeck for storage.
;Fathom: a unit of length equal to 6 feet (1.83 meters), used principally in the measurement and specification of marine depths.
;Draught: the depth of a loaded vessel in the water, taken from the level of the waterline to the lowest point of the hull.
;Galley: marine name for kitchen.
;Harbor: a sheltered part of a body of water deep enough to provide anchorage for ships.
;Hatch: an opening through the deck through an area below.
;Heading: the course or direction in which a ship or aircraft is moving.
;Heave: marine name for throw.
;Helmsman: pilot of the boat, the person who steers.
;Hull: the main body of the boat.
;Keel: the backbone of the boat that extends from bow to stern.
;Knot: a unit of speed, one nautical mile per hour, approximately 1.85 kilometers (1.15 statute miles) per hour.
;Latitude: the distance north or south of the earth's equator, measured in degrees along a meridian, as on a map or globe.
;Leeward: the direction the wind is blowing.
;Longitude: distance on the earth's surface, measured east or west from the prime meridian at Greenwich, England, to the meridian passing through a position, expressed in degrees (or hours), minutes, and seconds.
;Port: left side of a boat when looking toward the bow.
;Sounding: A measured depth of water.
;Starboard: the right side of a boat when looking toward the bow.
;Stern: back end of the boat.
;Swab: marine name for a mop.
;Underway: when a boat is moving through the water.
;Waterway: A navigable body of water, such as a river, channel, or canal.
;Waypoint: a point between major points on a route, as along a track.

==3. Name at least three aids to navigation and their functions. By whom are these maintained? == 


An aid to navigation is any device external to a craft that is designed to assist in determining the location of the craft, a safe course for the craft, or to warn of dangers. Most aids to navigation are established and maintained by the government. In the U.S., this is done by the Coast Guards.
;a. Lighthouse: are located along the seacoast and at important harbor entrances. They operate automatically without a full-time lighthouse keeper.
;b. Beacon: miniature, unmanned, lighthouses that are placed along banks and ledges to mark isolated dangers. Horns and mechanical bells are sometimes used in beacons during times when visibility is low.
;c. Buoys: floating navigational aids that are divided into 3 categories- unlighted, sound, and lighted.
;d. Radio beacons: by use of radio signals, this system is designed to meet at least 3 objectives: to give a nearly continuous 2 position line capability to a distance offshore of at least 50 miles: to give working ranges up to 160 miles at certain key locations for approaching from far offshore and to provide continuous, low-powered guidance for inshore navigation.

==4. Name six types of buoys. What do they mean and how are they used? Give the colors of the six you named. How are buoys numbered? How do they mark channels? == 
===Buoys used to mark the edges of channels:===
;a. Nun buoys: painted red with even numbers.
;b. Can buoys: painted black with odd numbers.
;c. Spar buoys: are painted red with even numbers and black with odd numbers. When entering a harbor, keep red buoys to starboard, and black buoys to port.

===Buoys used to mark obstructions, anchorage, fishing nets, and fairways:=== 
;a. Mid-channel buoys: have a white light and have white and black vertical stripes. They show the direction to the harbor.
;b. Fairway buoys: may be of any shape. They are painted black and white vertical stripes. These buoys mark the center of a channel or fairway and should be passed close aboard on either hand.
;c. Anchorage buoys: are always white and mark where an anchorage may be made.

==5. Box a compass with eight cardinal points. Why is it so important in navigation? Where is it mounted in the vessel, and why? == 
The compass is used along with a geometry compass, dividers, parallel rules, a straightedge, and a protractor to find the boat’s position on charts. When the sky is overcast and there is no land in sight, it is very easy to get disoriented. The compass will keep you on course and help you find your way back to port.
Compasses are meant to be mounted on bulkheads, atop consoles, gimbals, or brackets. Some are flushed and mounted. Flush mounts are better because they transmit less vibration than a bracket-mount compass. The compass should have a guard to protect it from damage and a hood to eliminate sun glare.

==6. Name four of the most useful knots in seamanship. Know how to tie them and give their principal uses. == 
{{TODO|Find an illustration and create a template for the mooring hitch.}}


{{Knot_square}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Two half hitches}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Bowline}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Figure 8}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Mooring Hitch}}


{{Knot_clove_hitch}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Sheetbend}}

==7. Familiarize yourself with reading and interpreting a "chart." Why is a chart so invaluable in unknown waters? Give some of the things a chart shows. Give the symbols used on a chart, or two of the most used buoys. == 
==8. When you are taking an active part in navigation, what are three of the best safety rules to follow? ==
# Stay alert to nearby vessels, hazards and changing weather conditions. Refrain from substances or practices that could impair judgment or alertness (e.g. alcohol, lack of sleep).
# Travel at safe and appropriate speeds.
# Follow the "rules of the road."

==9. What does it mean to be properly equipped? Illustrate. == 
A properly equipped boat has on it:
'''Appropriate sized life preservers for all aboard:'''
Button, zip and strap up all of the closures. The jacket should be snug but not so tight that you can’t breathe. Lift your arms in the air. Make an eleven with your arms, the universal football touchdown sign, and put your hands straight up in the air. If the life jacket does not rise, it’s a good fit. Follow this rule for adults and children. (Could draw a person with their arms raised up and the lifejacket fitting snuggly to body, not moving upward.)

'''A fire extinguisher classified for the type of fire its designed to extinguish,'''

A properly ventilated fuel tank and engine room,
a whistle, bell or horn, visual distress signals, Navigational lights to be displayed between dusk and dawn.

==10. What is meant by "rules of the road" and by "proper water etiquette?" ==
{{TODO|Add "proper water etiquette"}}


{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Recreation/Sailing/Rules of the road}}

==References== 
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