AY Honors/Canoe Building/Answer Key - Revision history

W126jep at 17:43, 25 July 2022

2022-07-25T17:43:17Z

W126jep: - Category of AYHAB

2022-07-13T21:56:10Z

- Category of AYHAB

W126jep at 00:38, 24 May 2021

2021-05-24T00:38:25Z

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2021-03-19T01:48:57Z

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2021-01-17T16:23:29Z

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2020-12-28T13:50:45Z

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Jomegat bot: Jomegat bot moved page Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Recreation/Canoe Building to AY Honors/Canoe Building/Answer Key: Bot: Moved page

2020-12-19T21:23:16Z

Jomegat bot moved page AY Honor Canoe Building to AY Honor Canoe Building Answer Key: Bot: Moved page

Ixoekea at 18:47, 13 November 2016

2016-11-13T18:47:11Z

W126jep: - Completed Honors category

2015-07-31T04:14:02Z

- Completed Honors category

W126jep: Marked this version for translation

2015-02-18T19:19:11Z

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@@ Line 148: / Line 148: @@
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 9 -->
 <noinclude><translate></noinclude>
-==Reference== <!--T:29-->
+==References== <!--T:29-->
 * http://www.greatdreams.com/canoe2.htm
 * http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-BucSamo-t1-body1-d7-d1-d4.html

@@ Line 152: / Line 152: @@
 * http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-BucSamo-t1-body1-d7-d1-d4.html
 * http://www.willghormley-maker.com/MakinADugoutCanoe.html
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 {{CloseHonorPage}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-<languages /><br />
+{{HonorSubpage}}
 <section begin="Body" />
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1}}
@@ Line 168: / Line 154: @@
 [[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
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+{{CloseHonorPage}}

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 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 <section begin="Body" />
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1}}
-<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:31-->
 <!-- 1. What trees in your area are used for building canoes? Name them in your language. Are they considered softwoods or hardwoods?  -->
 In the Pacific Islands, dugout canoes are very large, made from whole mature trees and fitted with outriggers for increased stability in the ocean, and were once used for long-distance travel. Such are the very large waka used by Māori who ventured to New Zealand many centuries ago. Such vessels carried 40 to 80 warriors in sheltered waters or smaller numbers thousands of miles across the Pacific ocean. In Hawaii, canoes are traditionally manufactured from the trunk of the koa (''Acacia koa'') tree. They typically carry a crew of six: one steersman and five paddlers.
@@ Line 25: / Line 27: @@
 In the Pacific Northwest (US and Canada) cedar trees were used to make canoes.
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 1 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
-<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:33-->
 <!-- 2. What trees are used for building canoes, softwoods or hardwoods?  -->
 Canoes are made from both, depending on the regional preferences.
@@ Line 35: / Line 39: @@
 Trees belonging to the genus ''Acacia'' are used in both the South Pacific and in Africa.  Acacias are hardwoods.  Canoes were made in the Pacific Northwest of North America from Douglas fir, which is a softwood.  In eastern North America, dugouts were made from chestnut, tulip tree (both hardwoods), or pine (a softwood).  In Venezuela, the Ye'kwana make canoes from Spanish Cedar (''Cedrela odorata'') which is another softwood.
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
-<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:35-->
 <!-- 3. What tools are used for building canoes? Start with felling the tree up to completion.  -->
 *Ax
@@ Line 48: / Line 54: @@
 *Drill and bit
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
-<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:37-->
 <!-- 4. Choose a good canoe tree about four meters in length and observe the correct felling of it. Explain what happened.  -->
 The Wampanoag (a Native American tribe) felled canoe trees by packing mud around the trunk and building a fire around the base.  The mud would prevent the upper portion of the trunk from burning while the lower portion was consumed.  Eventually, the tree would fall.
@@ Line 58: / Line 66: @@
 Other cultures simply cut the tree down with an ax.  In doing this, care must be taken to control the direction in which the tree falls when it comes down.  This is done by cutting a notch on the side corresponding to the direction of fall.  This notch should be cut until it is just over half way through the trunk.  Then another notch is cut on the other side, but higher than the first.
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
-<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:39-->
 <!-- 5. Describe how a log is prepared to build a canoe.  -->
 First the log is cut to the desired length and the bark is removed from the exterior.
@@ Line 68: / Line 78: @@
 In South America, the bulk of the hollowing of the trunk is done right where the tree falls.  It is turned in place until the portion of the trunk that will become the keel is on the ground, and then rocks, dirt, and other debris are packed around the trunk to keep it from rolling.  The tree is then mostly hollowed out with adzes.  This is done to reduce the weight of the log before an attempt is made to drag it out of the jungle.
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
-<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:41-->
 <!-- 6. With the help of others properly shape the outside of the canoe and hollow out the inside. Correctly smooth both surfaces inside and outside.  -->
 [[File:Dcp 5863.jpg|thumb|400px|Building a sea-going dugout canoe 10 meters (33 ft) long]]
@@ Line 88: / Line 100: @@
 {{clear}}
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 <!-- 7. Assist in the making of paddles, seats, poles and fittings for the canoe. -->
-===Paddles===
+===Paddles=== <!--T:43-->
 Paddles are typically carved from long wooden poles.  The blade is made wide and thin, tapering out at the edges.  The shaft is rounded, and is thicker than the blade to give it extra strength.  The grip will be another wide, flat section and is parallel to the blade and fitted to the user's hand.
@@ Line 105: / Line 118: @@
 The poles, like the paddles trade weight for strength.  They are typically the same (or nearly the same) diameter from top to bottom.  The length depends on the depth of the water in which they are used.  Poles are used from a standing position, and the length reflects this.
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->
@@ Line 110: / Line 124: @@
 <noinclude><translate></noinclude>
 <!-- 8. Assist in the construction of decking, outrigger, mast and sail if the canoe is of a double hull or outrigger type.  -->
-===Decking===
+===Decking=== <!--T:45-->
 Not all dugouts were outfitted with decks, but when present, decking is placed at both ends of the canoe to keep breaking waves from filling the boat.  They help the boat to shed water.  Decks are flat pieces of wood connected to the edges of the canoe and can be lashed in place by boring holes in both the hull (near the upper edge) and the deck.  Once the deck has been lashed in place, the holes are sealed with pitch.
@@ Line 135: / Line 149: @@
 See http://www.mit.edu/people/robot/lepalepa/index.html for detailed drawings.
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 8 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=9}}
-<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:47-->
 <!-- 9. Make a tree model of the type of canoe used in your district.  -->
 Choose a soft wood and shape the model as closely as you can to match your canoe.  People will often carve a scale model before beginning to shape the log.  The model can then be used as a reference.
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 9 -->

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 |insignia=Canoe_Building.png}}
-==1. What trees in your area are used for building canoes? Name them in your language. Are they considered softwoods or hardwoods? == <!--T:2-->
 In the Pacific Islands, dugout canoes are very large, made from whole mature trees and fitted with outriggers for increased stability in the ocean, and were once used for long-distance travel. Such are the very large waka used by Māori who ventured to New Zealand many centuries ago. Such vessels carried 40 to 80 warriors in sheltered waters or smaller numbers thousands of miles across the Pacific ocean. In Hawaii, canoes are traditionally manufactured from the trunk of the koa (''Acacia koa'') tree. They typically carry a crew of six: one steersman and five paddlers.
@@ Line 20: / Line 25: @@
 In the Pacific Northwest (US and Canada) cedar trees were used to make canoes.
-==2. What trees are used for building canoes, softwoods or hardwoods? == <!--T:5-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 Canoes are made from both, depending on the regional preferences.
@@ Line 26: / Line 35: @@
 Trees belonging to the genus ''Acacia'' are used in both the South Pacific and in Africa.  Acacias are hardwoods.  Canoes were made in the Pacific Northwest of North America from Douglas fir, which is a softwood.  In eastern North America, dugouts were made from chestnut, tulip tree (both hardwoods), or pine (a softwood).  In Venezuela, the Ye'kwana make canoes from Spanish Cedar (''Cedrela odorata'') which is another softwood.
-==3. What tools are used for building canoes? Start with felling the tree up to completion. == <!--T:7-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 *Ax
 *Machete
@@ Line 35: / Line 48: @@
 *Drill and bit
-==4. Choose a good canoe tree about four meters in length and observe the correct felling of it. Explain what happened. == <!--T:8-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 The Wampanoag (a Native American tribe) felled canoe trees by packing mud around the trunk and building a fire around the base.  The mud would prevent the upper portion of the trunk from burning while the lower portion was consumed.  Eventually, the tree would fall.
@@ Line 41: / Line 58: @@
 Other cultures simply cut the tree down with an ax.  In doing this, care must be taken to control the direction in which the tree falls when it comes down.  This is done by cutting a notch on the side corresponding to the direction of fall.  This notch should be cut until it is just over half way through the trunk.  Then another notch is cut on the other side, but higher than the first.
-==5. Describe how a log is prepared to build a canoe. == <!--T:10-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 First the log is cut to the desired length and the bark is removed from the exterior.
@@ Line 47: / Line 68: @@
 In South America, the bulk of the hollowing of the trunk is done right where the tree falls.  It is turned in place until the portion of the trunk that will become the keel is on the ground, and then rocks, dirt, and other debris are packed around the trunk to keep it from rolling.  The tree is then mostly hollowed out with adzes.  This is done to reduce the weight of the log before an attempt is made to drag it out of the jungle.
-==6. With the help of others properly shape the outside of the canoe and hollow out the inside. Correctly smooth both surfaces inside and outside. == <!--T:12-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 [[File:Dcp 5863.jpg|thumb|400px|Building a sea-going dugout canoe 10 meters (33 ft) long]]
 Before the appearance of metal tools, dugouts were hollowed-out using controlled fires. The burnt wood was then removed using an adze. Another method using tools is to chop out parallel notches across the interior span of the wood, then split out and remove the wood from between the notches. Once hollowed out, the interior is dressed and smoothed out with a knife or adze.
@@ Line 63: / Line 88: @@
 {{clear}}
-==7. Assist in the making of paddles, seats, poles and fittings for the canoe.== <!--T:17-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 ===Paddles===
 Paddles are typically carved from long wooden poles.  The blade is made wide and thin, tapering out at the edges.  The shaft is rounded, and is thicker than the blade to give it extra strength.  The grip will be another wide, flat section and is parallel to the blade and fitted to the user's hand.
@@ Line 76: / Line 105: @@
 The poles, like the paddles trade weight for strength.  They are typically the same (or nearly the same) diameter from top to bottom.  The length depends on the depth of the water in which they are used.  Poles are used from a standing position, and the length reflects this.
-==8. Assist in the construction of decking, outrigger, mast and sail if the canoe is of a double hull or outrigger type. == <!--T:21-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 ===Decking===
 Not all dugouts were outfitted with decks, but when present, decking is placed at both ends of the canoe to keep breaking waves from filling the boat.  They help the boat to shed water.  Decks are flat pieces of wood connected to the edges of the canoe and can be lashed in place by boring holes in both the hull (near the upper edge) and the deck.  Once the deck has been lashed in place, the holes are sealed with pitch.
@@ Line 102: / Line 135: @@
 See http://www.mit.edu/people/robot/lepalepa/index.html for detailed drawings.
-==9. Make a tree model of the type of canoe used in your district. == <!--T:28-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 Choose a soft wood and shape the model as closely as you can to match your canoe.  People will often carve a scale model before beginning to shape the log.  The model can then be used as a reference.
 ==Reference== <!--T:29-->
 * http://www.greatdreams.com/canoe2.htm
@@ Line 111: / Line 151: @@
 [[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
 <noinclude></translate></noinclude>

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 |honorname=Canoe Building
 |skill=3
 |category=Recreation
 |authority=General Conference

AY Honors/Canoe Building/Answer Key - Revision history

W126jep at 17:43, 25 July 2022

W126jep: - Category of AYHAB

W126jep at 00:38, 24 May 2021

Jomegat bot: Bot: Automated import of articles *** existing text overwritten ***

W126jep: Marked this version for translation

Jomegat bot: Bot: Automated import of articles *** existing text overwritten ***

Jomegat bot: Jomegat bot moved page Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Recreation/Canoe Building to AY Honors/Canoe Building/Answer Key: Bot: Moved page

Ixoekea at 18:47, 13 November 2016

W126jep: - Completed Honors category

W126jep: Marked this version for translation

Jomegat bot: Bot: Automated import of articles * existing text overwritten *

Jomegat bot: Bot: Automated import of articles * existing text overwritten *