AY Honors/Plastics/Answer Key - Revision history

W126jep: - Category of AYHAB

2022-07-18T23:39:23Z

- Category of AYHAB

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:39, 18 July 2022
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	*http://www.craftbits.com/viewProject.do?projectID=2056		*http://www.craftbits.com/viewProject.do?projectID=2056
	*http://www.delviesplastics.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Screen=CTGY&Store_Code=DPI&Category_Code=Casting_Resin		*http://www.delviesplastics.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Screen=CTGY&Store_Code=DPI&Category_Code=Casting_Resin
	~~[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book\|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]~~
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseHonorPage}}		{{CloseHonorPage}}

BoisSar at 15:41, 1 August 2021

2021-08-01T15:41:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:41, 1 August 2021
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	<!--T:15-->		<!--T:15-->
	For a two layer casting, fill the mold with resin to the half way point. Then let the resin cure for about 25 minutes so that it forms a gel. You ~~make~~ probe the resin with a craft stick to make sure it's the right consistency, but ''do not'' use your finger for this. Doing so risks spoiling the resin.		For a two layer casting, fill the mold with resin to the half way point. Then let the resin cure for about 25 minutes so that it forms a gel. You may probe the resin with a craft stick to make sure it's the right consistency, but ''do not'' use your finger for this. Doing so risks spoiling the resin.

	<!--T:16-->		<!--T:16-->

W126jep: Marked this version for translation

2021-05-05T22:08:27Z

Marked this version for translation

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:08, 5 May 2021
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	<section begin="Body" />		<section begin="Body" />
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=1}}		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=1}}
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:20-->
			</noinclude>
	<!-- 1. Make a list of the materials and equipment used in making small castings in plastic molds. -->		<!-- 1. Make a list of the materials and equipment used in making small castings in plastic molds. -->
	* Plastic resin		* Plastic resin
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	* Mold release		* Mold release

			<!--T:21-->
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1 -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1 -->
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=2}}		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=2}}
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:22-->
			</noinclude>
	<!-- 2. Know how to clean and properly take care of plastic molds. -->		<!-- 2. Know how to clean and properly take care of plastic molds. -->
	Be careful not to scratch your molds, as even a small scratch will be transferred to the cast. Once the resin has cured and the cast has been popped out, the mold can simply be wiped clean. You can also use acetone for cleaning up, but be forewarned - acetone is flammable and (like plastic casting in general) should only be used in a well-ventilated area, well away from an open flame (such as a water heater, furnace, pilot light, or gas stove).		Be careful not to scratch your molds, as even a small scratch will be transferred to the cast. Once the resin has cured and the cast has been popped out, the mold can simply be wiped clean. You can also use acetone for cleaning up, but be forewarned - acetone is flammable and (like plastic casting in general) should only be used in a well-ventilated area, well away from an open flame (such as a water heater, furnace, pilot light, or gas stove).
Line 25:		Line 28:
	Store your molds in a separate container by themselves when not in use. Do not store them with other objects such as tools, as these can easily scratch the molds.		Store your molds in a separate container by themselves when not in use. Do not store them with other objects such as tools, as these can easily scratch the molds.

			<!--T:23-->
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=3}}		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=3}}
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:24-->
			</noinclude>
	<!-- 3. What safety precautions should be used when working with plastics? -->		<!-- 3. What safety precautions should be used when working with plastics? -->
	*Go over these safety rules with your Pathfinders ''before'' opening any chemicals.		*Go over these safety rules with your Pathfinders ''before'' opening any chemicals.
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	*Do not pour resin down a drain. It may cause an expensive clog.		*Do not pour resin down a drain. It may cause an expensive clog.

			<!--T:25-->
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=4}}		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=4}}
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:26-->
			</noinclude>
	<!-- 4. Tell how to mix resin for casting and colored layers. -->		<!-- 4. Tell how to mix resin for casting and colored layers. -->
	Pour the correct volume of resin into a plastic cup. Do not use a waxed paper cup for this, as the wax will ruin the resin. Then use an eye dropper to add the correct amount of catalyst. Read the directions to see how much catalyst you need for the amount of resin you are using. ''Thoroughly'' mix the resin and the catalyst with a craft stick by using a ''cutting'' motion - this will minimize the introduction of air bubbles into the resin (which you will want to avoid as much as possible).		Pour the correct volume of resin into a plastic cup. Do not use a waxed paper cup for this, as the wax will ruin the resin. Then use an eye dropper to add the correct amount of catalyst. Read the directions to see how much catalyst you need for the amount of resin you are using. ''Thoroughly'' mix the resin and the catalyst with a craft stick by using a ''cutting'' motion - this will minimize the introduction of air bubbles into the resin (which you will want to avoid as much as possible).
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	Resin can be mixed with either pigments or dyes made for that purpose. Pigments will create opaque plastic, and dyes will create transparent plastic. Only use dyes and pigments formulated for the exact type of resin you are using. Opaque plastic is generally limited to the base layer only - otherwise, the embedded object will obviously not be seen.		Resin can be mixed with either pigments or dyes made for that purpose. Pigments will create opaque plastic, and dyes will create transparent plastic. Only use dyes and pigments formulated for the exact type of resin you are using. Opaque plastic is generally limited to the base layer only - otherwise, the embedded object will obviously not be seen.

			<!--T:27-->
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5}}		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5}}
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:28-->
			</noinclude>
	<!-- 5. Why are the following used? -->		<!-- 5. Why are the following used? -->
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5a}}		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5a}}
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:29-->
			</noinclude>
	The catalyst causes the liquid resin to undergo polymerization.		The catalyst causes the liquid resin to undergo polymerization.

			<!--T:30-->
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5a -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5a -->
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5b}} <!--T:8-->		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5b}} <!--T:8-->
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:31-->
			</noinclude>
	The resin that comes into contact with the mold will cure to a hard, crystal clear finish. However, the exposed surface (i.e., the top of the mold) may not. The last layer of resin should be mixed with a surface hardening agent so that it will cure completely.		The resin that comes into contact with the mold will cure to a hard, crystal clear finish. However, the exposed surface (i.e., the top of the mold) may not. The last layer of resin should be mixed with a surface hardening agent so that it will cure completely.
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5b -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5b -->
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5c}}		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5c}}
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:32-->
			</noinclude>
	Pigments are used to color the plastic to add interest to the casting.		Pigments are used to color the plastic to add interest to the casting.

			<!--T:33-->
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5c -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5c -->
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=6}}		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=6}}
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:34-->
			</noinclude>
	<!-- 6. What is meant by polymerization? -->		<!-- 6. What is meant by polymerization? -->
	Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which monomers are assembled to form long chains or three-dimensional networks. In short, this is the chemical process that converts the liquid resin into the solid plastic.		Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which monomers are assembled to form long chains or three-dimensional networks. In short, this is the chemical process that converts the liquid resin into the solid plastic.

			<!--T:35-->
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6 -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6 -->
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=7}}		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=7}}
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:36-->
			</noinclude>
	<!-- 7. Prepare and embed two nature items suitable for embedding. Nature items may be embedded in one or more castings. -->		<!-- 7. Prepare and embed two nature items suitable for embedding. Nature items may be embedded in one or more castings. -->
	The first step is to choose the nature items to be embedded. Popular choices include dead insects, leaves, flowers, rocks, seeds, nuts, and shells. Once the items have been selected, it is time to prepare a work area.		The first step is to choose the nature items to be embedded. Popular choices include dead insects, leaves, flowers, rocks, seeds, nuts, and shells. Once the items have been selected, it is time to prepare a work area.
Line 105:		Line 122:
	Place a very fine grade sand paper on a flat surface (a piece of plate glass works wonderfully), and then sand any rough spots on the cast item by gently rubbing it over the sand paper. Then buff it with a soft cloth.		Place a very fine grade sand paper on a flat surface (a piece of plate glass works wonderfully), and then sand any rough spots on the cast item by gently rubbing it over the sand paper. Then buff it with a soft cloth.

			<!--T:37-->
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->
	{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=8}}		{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=8}}
	<noinclude><translate></noinclude>		<noinclude><translate><!--T:38-->
			</noinclude>
	<!-- 8. Make three castings with at least one item embedded in each casting. -->		<!-- 8. Make three castings with at least one item embedded in each casting. -->
	These embeddables do not need to be nature items. You can cast any small item you like. Many people cast coins or small toys. Follow the instructions given in requirement 7.		These embeddables do not need to be nature items. You can cast any small item you like. Many people cast coins or small toys. Follow the instructions given in requirement 7.

			<!--T:39-->
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	{{CloseReq}} <!-- 8 -->		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 8 -->

W126jep at 22:08, 5 May 2021

2021-05-05T22:08:16Z

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2020-12-24T04:57:28Z

Bot: Automated import of articles *** existing text overwritten ***

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:57, 24 December 2020
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	\|insignia=Plastics_Honor.png		\|insignia=Plastics_Honor.png
	}}		}}
	==1. Make a list of the materials and equipment used in making small castings in plastic molds. ~~== <!--T:1~~-->
			<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			<section begin="Body" />
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=1}}
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
			<!-- 1. Make a list of the materials and equipment used in making small castings in plastic molds. -->
	* Plastic resin		* Plastic resin
	* Catalyst		* Catalyst
Line 22:		Line 27:
	* Mold release		* Mold release

	==2. Know how to clean and properly take care of plastic molds.~~== <!--T:2~~-->		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1 -->
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=2}}
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
			<!-- 2. Know how to clean and properly take care of plastic molds. -->
	Be careful not to scratch your molds, as even a small scratch will be transferred to the cast. Once the resin has cured and the cast has been popped out, the mold can simply be wiped clean. You can also use acetone for cleaning up, but be forewarned - acetone is flammable and (like plastic casting in general) should only be used in a well-ventilated area, well away from an open flame (such as a water heater, furnace, pilot light, or gas stove).		Be careful not to scratch your molds, as even a small scratch will be transferred to the cast. Once the resin has cured and the cast has been popped out, the mold can simply be wiped clean. You can also use acetone for cleaning up, but be forewarned - acetone is flammable and (like plastic casting in general) should only be used in a well-ventilated area, well away from an open flame (such as a water heater, furnace, pilot light, or gas stove).

Line 28:		Line 37:
	Store your molds in a separate container by themselves when not in use. Do not store them with other objects such as tools, as these can easily scratch the molds.		Store your molds in a separate container by themselves when not in use. Do not store them with other objects such as tools, as these can easily scratch the molds.

	==3. What safety precautions should be used when working with plastics? ~~== <!--T:4~~-->		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=3}}
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
			<!-- 3. What safety precautions should be used when working with plastics? -->
	*Go over these safety rules with your Pathfinders ''before'' opening any chemicals.		*Go over these safety rules with your Pathfinders ''before'' opening any chemicals.
	*Wear protective gear, including safety goggles, gloves, and an apron or smock.		*Wear protective gear, including safety goggles, gloves, and an apron or smock.
Line 37:		Line 50:
	*Do not pour resin down a drain. It may cause an expensive clog.		*Do not pour resin down a drain. It may cause an expensive clog.

	==4. Tell how to mix resin for casting and colored layers. ~~== <!--T:5~~-->		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=4}}
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
			<!-- 4. Tell how to mix resin for casting and colored layers. -->
	Pour the correct volume of resin into a plastic cup. Do not use a waxed paper cup for this, as the wax will ruin the resin. Then use an eye dropper to add the correct amount of catalyst. Read the directions to see how much catalyst you need for the amount of resin you are using. ''Thoroughly'' mix the resin and the catalyst with a craft stick by using a ''cutting'' motion - this will minimize the introduction of air bubbles into the resin (which you will want to avoid as much as possible).		Pour the correct volume of resin into a plastic cup. Do not use a waxed paper cup for this, as the wax will ruin the resin. Then use an eye dropper to add the correct amount of catalyst. Read the directions to see how much catalyst you need for the amount of resin you are using. ''Thoroughly'' mix the resin and the catalyst with a craft stick by using a ''cutting'' motion - this will minimize the introduction of air bubbles into the resin (which you will want to avoid as much as possible).

Line 43:		Line 60:
	Resin can be mixed with either pigments or dyes made for that purpose. Pigments will create opaque plastic, and dyes will create transparent plastic. Only use dyes and pigments formulated for the exact type of resin you are using. Opaque plastic is generally limited to the base layer only - otherwise, the embedded object will obviously not be seen.		Resin can be mixed with either pigments or dyes made for that purpose. Pigments will create opaque plastic, and dyes will create transparent plastic. Only use dyes and pigments formulated for the exact type of resin you are using. Opaque plastic is generally limited to the base layer only - otherwise, the embedded object will obviously not be seen.

	==5. Why are the following used? ~~== <!--T:7~~-->		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	==~~=a. Catalyst ===~~		{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5}}
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
			<!-- 5. Why are the following used? -->
			<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5a}}
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
	The catalyst causes the liquid resin to undergo polymerization.		The catalyst causes the liquid resin to undergo polymerization.

	==~~=b. Surface hardener ===~~ <!--T:8-->		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5a -->
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5b}} <!--T:8-->
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
	The resin that comes into contact with the mold will cure to a hard, crystal clear finish. However, the exposed surface (i.e., the top of the mold) may not. The last layer of resin should be mixed with a surface hardening agent so that it will cure completely.		The resin that comes into contact with the mold will cure to a hard, crystal clear finish. However, the exposed surface (i.e., the top of the mold) may not. The last layer of resin should be mixed with a surface hardening agent so that it will cure completely.
	==~~=c. Pigments ===~~		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5b -->
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=5c}}
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
	Pigments are used to color the plastic to add interest to the casting.		Pigments are used to color the plastic to add interest to the casting.

	==6. What is meant by polymerization?~~== <!--T:9~~-->		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5c -->
			{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=6}}
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
			<!-- 6. What is meant by polymerization? -->
	Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which monomers are assembled to form long chains or three-dimensional networks. In short, this is the chemical process that converts the liquid resin into the solid plastic.		Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which monomers are assembled to form long chains or three-dimensional networks. In short, this is the chemical process that converts the liquid resin into the solid plastic.

	==7. Prepare and embed two nature items suitable for embedding. Nature items may be embedded in one or more castings. ~~== <!--T:10~~-->		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6 -->
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=7}}
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
			<!-- 7. Prepare and embed two nature items suitable for embedding. Nature items may be embedded in one or more castings. -->
	The first step is to choose the nature items to be embedded. Popular choices include dead insects, leaves, flowers, rocks, seeds, nuts, and shells. Once the items have been selected, it is time to prepare a work area.		The first step is to choose the nature items to be embedded. Popular choices include dead insects, leaves, flowers, rocks, seeds, nuts, and shells. Once the items have been selected, it is time to prepare a work area.

Line 79:		Line 117:
	Place a very fine grade sand paper on a flat surface (a piece of plate glass works wonderfully), and then sand any rough spots on the cast item by gently rubbing it over the sand paper. Then buff it with a soft cloth.		Place a very fine grade sand paper on a flat surface (a piece of plate glass works wonderfully), and then sand any rough spots on the cast item by gently rubbing it over the sand paper. Then buff it with a soft cloth.

	==8. Make three castings with at least one item embedded in each casting.~~== <!--T:18~~-->		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->
			{{ansreq\|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}\|2\|1}}\|num=8}}
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
			<!-- 8. Make three castings with at least one item embedded in each casting. -->
	These embeddables do not need to be nature items. You can cast any small item you like. Many people cast coins or small toys. Follow the instructions given in requirement 7.		These embeddables do not need to be nature items. You can cast any small item you like. Many people cast coins or small toys. Follow the instructions given in requirement 7.

			<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			{{CloseReq}} <!-- 8 -->
			<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
	==References== <!--T:19-->		==References== <!--T:19-->
	*http://fun.familyeducation.com/crafts/handicrafts/47912.html		*http://fun.familyeducation.com/crafts/handicrafts/47912.html
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	[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book\|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]		[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book\|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
			<section end="Body" />

Jomegat bot: Jomegat bot moved page Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Arts and Crafts/Plastics to AY Honors/Plastics/Answer Key: Bot: Moved page

2020-12-19T04:52:30Z

Jomegat bot moved page AY Honor Plastics to AY Honor Plastics Answer Key: Bot: Moved page

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:52, 19 December 2020
(No difference)

W126jep: - Completed Honors category

2015-07-30T08:14:53Z

- Completed Honors category

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:14, 30 July 2015
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	*http://www.craftbits.com/viewProject.do?projectID=2056		*http://www.craftbits.com/viewProject.do?projectID=2056
	*http://www.delviesplastics.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Screen=CTGY&Store_Code=DPI&Category_Code=Casting_Resin		*http://www.delviesplastics.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Screen=CTGY&Store_Code=DPI&Category_Code=Casting_Resin
			[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book\|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
	<noinclude></translate></noinclude>		<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
	~~[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Completed Honors\|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]~~

W126jep: Marked this version for translation

2015-01-07T18:37:52Z

Marked this version for translation

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:37, 7 January 2015
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	\|insignia=Plastics_Honor.png		\|insignia=Plastics_Honor.png
	}}		}}
	==1. Make a list of the materials and equipment used in making small castings in plastic molds. ==		==1. Make a list of the materials and equipment used in making small castings in plastic molds. == <!--T:1-->
	* Plastic resin		* Plastic resin
	* Catalyst		* Catalyst
Line 22:		Line 22:
	* Mold release		* Mold release

	==2. Know how to clean and properly take care of plastic molds.==		==2. Know how to clean and properly take care of plastic molds.== <!--T:2-->
	Be careful not to scratch your molds, as even a small scratch will be transferred to the cast. Once the resin has cured and the cast has been popped out, the mold can simply be wiped clean. You can also use acetone for cleaning up, but be forewarned - acetone is flammable and (like plastic casting in general) should only be used in a well-ventilated area, well away from an open flame (such as a water heater, furnace, pilot light, or gas stove).		Be careful not to scratch your molds, as even a small scratch will be transferred to the cast. Once the resin has cured and the cast has been popped out, the mold can simply be wiped clean. You can also use acetone for cleaning up, but be forewarned - acetone is flammable and (like plastic casting in general) should only be used in a well-ventilated area, well away from an open flame (such as a water heater, furnace, pilot light, or gas stove).

			<!--T:3-->
	Store your molds in a separate container by themselves when not in use. Do not store them with other objects such as tools, as these can easily scratch the molds.		Store your molds in a separate container by themselves when not in use. Do not store them with other objects such as tools, as these can easily scratch the molds.

	==3. What safety precautions should be used when working with plastics? ==		==3. What safety precautions should be used when working with plastics? == <!--T:4-->
	*Go over these safety rules with your Pathfinders ''before'' opening any chemicals.		*Go over these safety rules with your Pathfinders ''before'' opening any chemicals.
	*Wear protective gear, including safety goggles, gloves, and an apron or smock.		*Wear protective gear, including safety goggles, gloves, and an apron or smock.
Line 36:		Line 37:
	*Do not pour resin down a drain. It may cause an expensive clog.		*Do not pour resin down a drain. It may cause an expensive clog.

	==4. Tell how to mix resin for casting and colored layers. ==		==4. Tell how to mix resin for casting and colored layers. == <!--T:5-->
	Pour the correct volume of resin into a plastic cup. Do not use a waxed paper cup for this, as the wax will ruin the resin. Then use an eye dropper to add the correct amount of catalyst. Read the directions to see how much catalyst you need for the amount of resin you are using. ''Thoroughly'' mix the resin and the catalyst with a craft stick by using a ''cutting'' motion - this will minimize the introduction of air bubbles into the resin (which you will want to avoid as much as possible).		Pour the correct volume of resin into a plastic cup. Do not use a waxed paper cup for this, as the wax will ruin the resin. Then use an eye dropper to add the correct amount of catalyst. Read the directions to see how much catalyst you need for the amount of resin you are using. ''Thoroughly'' mix the resin and the catalyst with a craft stick by using a ''cutting'' motion - this will minimize the introduction of air bubbles into the resin (which you will want to avoid as much as possible).

			<!--T:6-->
	Resin can be mixed with either pigments or dyes made for that purpose. Pigments will create opaque plastic, and dyes will create transparent plastic. Only use dyes and pigments formulated for the exact type of resin you are using. Opaque plastic is generally limited to the base layer only - otherwise, the embedded object will obviously not be seen.		Resin can be mixed with either pigments or dyes made for that purpose. Pigments will create opaque plastic, and dyes will create transparent plastic. Only use dyes and pigments formulated for the exact type of resin you are using. Opaque plastic is generally limited to the base layer only - otherwise, the embedded object will obviously not be seen.

	==5. Why are the following used? ==		==5. Why are the following used? == <!--T:7-->
	===a. Catalyst ===		===a. Catalyst ===
	The catalyst causes the liquid resin to undergo polymerization.		The catalyst causes the liquid resin to undergo polymerization.

	===b. Surface hardener ===		===b. Surface hardener === <!--T:8-->
	The resin that comes into contact with the mold will cure to a hard, crystal clear finish. However, the exposed surface (i.e., the top of the mold) may not. The last layer of resin should be mixed with a surface hardening agent so that it will cure completely.		The resin that comes into contact with the mold will cure to a hard, crystal clear finish. However, the exposed surface (i.e., the top of the mold) may not. The last layer of resin should be mixed with a surface hardening agent so that it will cure completely.
	===c. Pigments ===		===c. Pigments ===
	Pigments are used to color the plastic to add interest to the casting.		Pigments are used to color the plastic to add interest to the casting.

	==6. What is meant by polymerization?==		==6. What is meant by polymerization?== <!--T:9-->
	Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which monomers are assembled to form long chains or three-dimensional networks. In short, this is the chemical process that converts the liquid resin into the solid plastic.		Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which monomers are assembled to form long chains or three-dimensional networks. In short, this is the chemical process that converts the liquid resin into the solid plastic.

	==7. Prepare and embed two nature items suitable for embedding. Nature items may be embedded in one or more castings. ==		==7. Prepare and embed two nature items suitable for embedding. Nature items may be embedded in one or more castings. == <!--T:10-->
	The first step is to choose the nature items to be embedded. Popular choices include dead insects, leaves, flowers, rocks, seeds, nuts, and shells. Once the items have been selected, it is time to prepare a work area.		The first step is to choose the nature items to be embedded. Popular choices include dead insects, leaves, flowers, rocks, seeds, nuts, and shells. Once the items have been selected, it is time to prepare a work area.

			<!--T:11-->
	Cover the work surface with newspapers or plastic bags. You can also use an old pizza box or a large piece of cardboard as a work surface. Once this has been done, put on your protective gear (goggles, apron, and gloves).		Cover the work surface with newspapers or plastic bags. You can also use an old pizza box or a large piece of cardboard as a work surface. Once this has been done, put on your protective gear (goggles, apron, and gloves).

			<!--T:12-->
	Fill your mold with water, and then dump the water into a measuring cup. This will tell you exactly how much resin you will need, though you will want to divide that up to form multiple layers. For example, if your mold has a volume of six ounces and you want to pour two layers, you will need to mix three ounces in the first batch, and three more in the second.		Fill your mold with water, and then dump the water into a measuring cup. This will tell you exactly how much resin you will need, though you will want to divide that up to form multiple layers. For example, if your mold has a volume of six ounces and you want to pour two layers, you will need to mix three ounces in the first batch, and three more in the second.

			<!--T:13-->
	Carefully dry the mold and examine it for imperfections (such as scratches). Any imperfections in the mold will be transferred to the cast item. If you find an imperfection, your only options are to either live with them, or use a different mold. Once you are satisfied with the mold, spray it with mold release. Some people do not use mold release in order to save time, or money, but this is a false economy. Mold release greatly increases the number of times you can reuse the mold, and the time it takes to spray it into the mold is a tiny fraction of the amount of time it will take you to get the casting out of the mold once it cures. Hence, we highly recommend using mold release.		Carefully dry the mold and examine it for imperfections (such as scratches). Any imperfections in the mold will be transferred to the cast item. If you find an imperfection, your only options are to either live with them, or use a different mold. Once you are satisfied with the mold, spray it with mold release. Some people do not use mold release in order to save time, or money, but this is a false economy. Mold release greatly increases the number of times you can reuse the mold, and the time it takes to spray it into the mold is a tiny fraction of the amount of time it will take you to get the casting out of the mold once it cures. Hence, we highly recommend using mold release.

			<!--T:14-->
	Mix the resin in accordance with the general instructions given in requirement 4, but be sure to read the mixing instructions that came with the resin for specifics.		Mix the resin in accordance with the general instructions given in requirement 4, but be sure to read the mixing instructions that came with the resin for specifics.

			<!--T:15-->
	For a two layer casting, fill the mold with resin to the half way point. Then let the resin cure for about 25 minutes so that it forms a gel. You make probe the resin with a craft stick to make sure it's the right consistency, but ''do not'' use your finger for this. Doing so risks spoiling the resin.		For a two layer casting, fill the mold with resin to the half way point. Then let the resin cure for about 25 minutes so that it forms a gel. You make probe the resin with a craft stick to make sure it's the right consistency, but ''do not'' use your finger for this. Doing so risks spoiling the resin.

			<!--T:16-->
	After the first layer has gelled, carefully place the embeddable object (or objects) on the surface of the resin. You may wish to do this with tweezers. Then mix a second batch of resin, ''noting the instructions on the container''. The second (and successive batches) of resin usually has a different ratio of resin to catalyst. Once it is properly mixed, pour it over the embedded object. Place the mold some place where it will be out of the way for the next 24 hours and let it cure for at least that amount of time. After 24 hours, you should be able to pop the cast out of the mold (you ''did'' remember to use mold release, didn't you?).		After the first layer has gelled, carefully place the embeddable object (or objects) on the surface of the resin. You may wish to do this with tweezers. Then mix a second batch of resin, ''noting the instructions on the container''. The second (and successive batches) of resin usually has a different ratio of resin to catalyst. Once it is properly mixed, pour it over the embedded object. Place the mold some place where it will be out of the way for the next 24 hours and let it cure for at least that amount of time. After 24 hours, you should be able to pop the cast out of the mold (you ''did'' remember to use mold release, didn't you?).

			<!--T:17-->
	Place a very fine grade sand paper on a flat surface (a piece of plate glass works wonderfully), and then sand any rough spots on the cast item by gently rubbing it over the sand paper. Then buff it with a soft cloth.		Place a very fine grade sand paper on a flat surface (a piece of plate glass works wonderfully), and then sand any rough spots on the cast item by gently rubbing it over the sand paper. Then buff it with a soft cloth.

	==8. Make three castings with at least one item embedded in each casting.==		==8. Make three castings with at least one item embedded in each casting.== <!--T:18-->
	These embeddables do not need to be nature items. You can cast any small item you like. Many people cast coins or small toys. Follow the instructions given in requirement 7.		These embeddables do not need to be nature items. You can cast any small item you like. Many people cast coins or small toys. Follow the instructions given in requirement 7.

	==References==		==References== <!--T:19-->
	*http://fun.familyeducation.com/crafts/handicrafts/47912.html		*http://fun.familyeducation.com/crafts/handicrafts/47912.html
	*http://www.diynetwork.com/diy/ca_crafts_projects/article/0,2041,DIY_13721_2273425,00.html		*http://www.diynetwork.com/diy/ca_crafts_projects/article/0,2041,DIY_13721_2273425,00.html

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	*http://www.craftbits.com/viewProject.do?projectID=2056		*http://www.craftbits.com/viewProject.do?projectID=2056
	*http://www.delviesplastics.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Screen=CTGY&Store_Code=DPI&Category_Code=Casting_Resin		*http://www.delviesplastics.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Screen=CTGY&Store_Code=DPI&Category_Code=Casting_Resin
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	[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Completed Honors\|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]		[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Completed Honors\|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]

AY Honors/Plastics/Answer Key - Revision history

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