AY Honors/Sand/Answer Key/es - Revision history

W126jep at 21:41, 14 July 2022

2022-07-14T21:41:47Z

W126jep: Created page with " "

2021-04-22T15:52:01Z

Created page with "</noinclude> "

W126jep: Created page with " "

2021-04-22T15:51:22Z

Created page with "</noinclude> "

W126jep: Created page with "{{Bible verse | version = RVR1995 | book = Génesis | chapter = 22 | verse = 17 | text = de cierto te bendeciré y multiplicaré tu descendencia como las estrellas del cielo y..."

2021-04-22T15:50:01Z

Created page with "{{Bible verse | version = RVR1995 | book = Génesis | chapter = 22 | verse = 17 | text = de cierto te bendeciré y multiplicaré tu descendencia como las estrellas del cielo y..."

W126jep: Created page with " "

2021-04-22T15:48:46Z

Created page with "</noinclude> <noinclude>"

W126jep: Created page with ""

2021-04-22T15:48:02Z

Created page with "<noinclude>"

W126jep: Created page with "Especialidades JA/Arena/Respuestas"

2021-04-22T15:47:39Z

Created page with "Especialidades JA/Arena/Respuestas"

New page

{{HonorSubpage}}

<section begin="Body" />
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1}}
<noinclude></noinclude>


{{clear}}

{{clear}}

{{clear}}

<noinclude></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>

Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. As the term is used by geologists, sand particles range in diameter from 0.0625 (or 1⁄16 mm) to 2 millimeters. An individual particle in this range size is termed a sand grain.
</div>

{{clear}}

<noinclude></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>

Sand is formed through two primary processes - Physical and Chemical.
</div>

{{clear}}

{{clear}}

{{clear}}

<noinclude></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>

Sand is composed of inorganic material, even if it had biogenic origins (shells, coral, diatoms, foraminfera). Soil, however, is made up of sand, silt, clay, and organic humus (broken down plant and animal matter).
</div>

<noinclude></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>

===Shape===
The shape of a grain of sand can tell us about its history. Rounded grains are those which are relatively old, the rounding being caused by the grain getting blown around by wind or pushed around by water. Grains with more angular surface are relatively young, not having had time to get rounded by the forces of nature.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Sand shape can be classified using a Wadell Scale, which uses two features to classify each grain: '''Angularity''' and '''Sphericity'''. The angularity axis considers if the grain has sharp angles or if it has been rounded through abrasion. The sphericity axis considers how round or oblong an item is, and ranges from high sphericity (nearly a ball) to low sphericity (perhaps a rod, curve, or other shape).
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
===Surface===
The surface texture of grains may be polished, frosted, or marked by small pits and scratches. This information can usually be seen best under a binocular microscope, not in a thin section.
If sand grains have a polished appearance, it usually reflects their origin in a water environment (rivers, streams, lakes or the ocean). Sand grains with a frosted appearance are usually the product of a windy environment.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
===Grain Fracture===
In the field of mineralogy, fracture is a term used to describe the shape and texture of the surface formed when a mineral is broken. Minerals often have a highly distinctive fracture, making it a principal feature used in their identification.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
====Conchoidal fracture====
[[Image:ObsidianOregon.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Obsidian]]
'''Conchoidal fracture''' is a curved breakage that resembles the concentric ripples of a mussel shell. It often occurs in amorphous or fine-grained minerals such as flint, opal or obsidian, but may also occur in crystalline minerals such as quartz. '''Subconchoidal fracture''' is similar to conchoidal fracture, but not as curved.
<br clear="all" />
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
====Earthy fracture====
[[Image:Limonite_bog_iron_cm02.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Limonite]]
'''Earthy fracture''' is reminiscent of freshly broken soil. It is frequently seen in relatively soft, loosely bound minerals, such as limonite, kaolinite and aluminite.
<br clear="all" />
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
====Hackly fracture====
[[Image:Cuivre_natif1_%28USA%29.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Native copper]]
'''Hackly fracture''' (also known as '''jagged fracture''') is jagged, sharp and uneven. It occurs when metals are torn, and so is often encountered in native metals such as copper and silver.
<br clear="all" />
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
====Splintery fracture====
[[Image:Chrysotile_1.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Chrysotile]]
'''Splintery fracture''' comprises sharp elongated points. It is particularly seen in fibrous minerals such as chrysotile, but may also occur in non-fibrous minerals such as kyanite.
<br clear="all" />
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
====Uneven fracture====
[[Image:MagnetitaEZ.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Magnetite]]
'''Uneven fracture''' is self descriptive. It occurs in a wide range of minerals including arsenopyrite, pyrite and magnetite.
<br clear="all" />
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
===Grain Size===
Grain size, also called particle size, refers to the diameter of individual grains of sediment.
In grading sand, the Wentworth Scale is often used. Sand particles ranging from 1/16 to 1/8 mm are considered Very Fine. Those from 1/8 to 1/4 mm are Fine. 1/4 to 1/2 mm are Medium. 1/2 to 1 mm are coarse. And those from 1 to 2 mm are considered very coarse.
Various grades of Gravel are larger than sand, silt and clay are smaller than sand.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{|class="wikitable"
! Grain Size!!Description
|-
| 1/16-1/8mm||Very Fine
|-
| 1/8-1/4mm||Fine
|-
| 1/4-1/2mm||Medium
|-
| 1/2-1mm||Coarse
|-
| 1-2mm||Very Coarse
|}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>

<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6a}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
Glacial sand is sand produced by the action of a glacier grinding the rock over which it passes. Glacial sand may be used in construction or as fill.
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6b}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
Sand composed primarily of calcium carbonate or limestone. Calcareous sand may be used in construction, as road fill (particularly in beach nad island environments where it may be plentiful), and as a base material on gold course putting greens and some athletic fields.
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6c}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
Quicksand is a ''colloid hydrogel'' consisting of fine granular matter (such as sand or silt), clay, and salt water. In the name "quick" does not mean "fast," but "alive" (as in the expression ''the quick and the dead'').
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6d}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
Glass sand is sand with low iron content, and high silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) content. This type of sand is ideal for glass making.
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6e}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
Molding sand, foundry sand, or green sand is sand that when moistened or oiled tends to pack well and hold its shape. It is used in the process of sand casting.
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6f}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
Sand can be used as an abrasive material for polishing materials. Several different grain sizes, gradually growing smaller, are used to polish surfaces.
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6g}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
Building sand is used for making concrete. Sharp sands (with angular surfaces) are preferred.
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6h}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
Sand can be used to filter water or other liquids. A media filter is a type of filter utilizing a bed of sand, crushed granite or other material to filter water for drinking, swimming pools, aquaculture, irrigation, stormwater management and other applications.
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6i}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
Furnace sand is used for lining the floor of industrial furnaces which are used for processing molten metals (such as steel).
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6j}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
Sand created by the wave action of a lake. A prime example would be the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore in northwest Indiana. Depending on its mineral origin, lake shore sand is often used for foundry work.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>

Using a hand lens or a microscope, examine the sand grains, looking for the features described in requirement 5 (shape, surface, grain fracture, and grain size). You can also note its color and its variability are all the grains the same size? Are they all the same shape, or are there big differences from one grain to the next?
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<gallery mode>
Image:PortMelbourne 2271.jpg|1
Image:BarHarbor 2242.jpg|2
Image:SeapointCapetown 2225.jpg|3
Image:MonaIsland 2217.jpg|4
Image:Soesoggak 2229.jpg|5
Image:MustangIsland 2237.jpg|6
Image:Champlain 2277.jpg|7
Image:ColumbiaRiver 2265.jpg|8
</gallery>
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
1. Port Melbourne, Australia. Primarily mineral origin.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
2. Bar Harbor, Maine. A mixed mineral and biogenic sand.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
3. Sea Point, Capetown, Southafrica. Primarily biogenic.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
4. Mona Island, Puerto Rico. A biogenic sand.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
5. Soesogakk, Jeju, South Korea. Volcanic origin.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
6. Mustang Island, Texas. An example of very fine sand.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
7. Lake Champlain, Vermont. An example of a very coarse sand.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
8. Columbia River, Oregon. An example of riverine sand.
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=8}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>

</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Genesis
| chapter = 22
| verse = 17
| text = I will surely bless you and make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky and as the sand on the seashore. Your descendants will take possession of the cities of their enemies
}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Proverbs
| chapter = 27
| verse = 3
| text =
<br>
:Stone is heavy and sand a burden,
:but provocation by a fool is heavier than both.
}}
</div>

<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Psalm
| chapter = 139
| verse = 17, 18
| text =
<br>
:How precious to me are your thoughts, O God!
::How vast is the sum of them!<br><br>
:Were I to count them,
::they would outnumber the grains of sand.
::When I awake,
::I am still with you.
}}
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} 
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
</noinclude>
==References==
* [[w:Rock microstructure|Rock microstructure]]
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseHonorPage}}

@@ Line 182: / Line 182: @@
 <noinclude></noinclude>
 ==Referencias==
 <noinclude></noinclude>
 {{CloseHonorPage}}

@@ Line 113: / Line 113: @@
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 6 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7}}
-<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+<noinclude></noinclude>
-</noinclude>
+<!-- 7. Examinar cinco clases de especímenes de arena bajo magnificación y observar sus diferentes características. -->
 <gallery mode>
@@ Line 149: / Line 146: @@
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=8}}
-<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+<noinclude></noinclude>
-</noinclude>
+<!-- 8. Memorizar y discutir Génesis 22:17, Proverbios 27:3, y Salmo 139:17 y 18. -->
 {{Bible verse

@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
 <noinclude></noinclude>
-<!-- 2. ¿Qué significa el término «arena»? Nombrar 2 clases de arena. -->
+<!-- 2. ¿Qué significa el término «arena»? Nombrar dos tipos de arena. -->
 {{clear}}
@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
-<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+<noinclude></noinclude>
-</noinclude>
+<!-- 3. Dar el origen de la arena y qué minerales contiene. -->
 {{clear}}
@@ Line 38: / Line 35: @@
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
-<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+<noinclude></noinclude>
-</noinclude>
+<!-- 4. ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre la arena y el suelo? -->
 <noinclude></noinclude>
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
-<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+<noinclude></noinclude>
-</noinclude>
+<!-- 5. ¿Qué se entiende por forma, superficie, fractura de grano y tamaño de grano? -->
 {{clear}}
@@ Line 77: / Line 67: @@
 {{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
-<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+<noinclude></noinclude>
-</noinclude>
+<!-- 6. Definir los siguientes y dar el uso de cada uno: -->
-<!-- 6. Define the following and give the use of each: -->
+<noinclude></noinclude>
 {{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6a}}
 <noinclude></noinclude>