AY Honors/Sheep Husbandry/Answer Key - Revision history

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 ==10. Know the meaning of the following terms: == <!--T:56-->
-;a. Castration: Castration is the act of removing the testicles of a male animal.
+===a. Castration===
 :Castration is commonly performed on domestic animals not intended for breeding for the following reasons:
 :* To reduce or prevent territorial behavior
@@ Line 213: / Line 214: @@
 :* To increase growth and weight of the animal.
 :* To improve the taste of the meat.
-;b. Commercial: A commercial flock is one that produces lambs for sale as meat rather than as breeding stock
+===b. Commercial===
-;c. Concentrate: Food high in nutrition, low in fiber, and easily digested.
+A commercial flock is one that produces lambs for sale as meat rather than as breeding stock
-;d. Cross bred: A cross bred lamb has a sire (ram) from one breed with a dam (ewe) from another.
+===c. Concentrate===
-;e. Dam: A dam is the mother of a sheep.
+Food high in nutrition, low in fiber, and easily digested.
-;f. Dock: Docking is used as a term for the intentional removal of part of an animal's tail or ears. The term cropping is also used, more commonly in reference to the docking of ears, while docking more commonly—but not exclusively—refers to the tail. The term bobbing is also used.  Many breeds of sheep have their tails docked to prevent fly strike.
+===d. Cross bred===
-;g. Drench: A drench is an oral veterinary medicine given to an animal to rid it of intestinal parasites, such as roundworm and tapeworm.
+A cross bred lamb has a sire (ram) from one breed with a dam (ewe) from another.
-;h. Ewe: A ewe is an adult female sheep
+===e. Dam===
-;i. Flushing: Flushing is providing especially nutritious feed in the few weeks before mating to improve fertility, or in the period before birth to increase lamb birth-weight.  It can also mean removing unfertilized or fertilized egg from an animal; often as part of an embryo transfer procedure.
+A dam is the mother of a sheep.
-;j. Forages or roughages: Forages are grass, shrubs, and plants that can be used as food for sheep.  Roughages are high fiber foods such as hay and some pasture plants.
+===f. Dock===
-;k. Gain: The increase in weight of a lamb over a period of time.
+Docking is used as a term for the intentional removal of part of an animal's tail or ears. The term cropping is also used, more commonly in reference to the docking of ears, while docking more commonly—but not exclusively—refers to the tail. The term bobbing is also used.  Many breeds of sheep have their tails docked to prevent fly strike.
-;l. Gestation: Gestation is the carrying of an unborn creature in the womb; pregnancy.
+===g. Drench===
-;m. Grease weight: The weight of the fleece from a freshly shorn sheep.
+A drench is an oral veterinary medicine given to an animal to rid it of intestinal parasites, such as roundworm and tapeworm.
-;n. Heat: A time period when a ewe is receptive to mating.
+===h. Ewe===
-;o. Lactation: Lactation is the production of milk by a female mammal.
+A ewe is an adult female sheep
-;p. Polled: A polled animal is one that has had its horns removed.  Some breeds of livestock are "naturally polled" meaning they do not develop horns (and thus do not need to be polled).
+===i. Flushing===
-;q. Purebred: An animal whose parents belong wholly to the same breed is called a purebred.
+Flushing is providing especially nutritious feed in the few weeks before mating to improve fertility, or in the period before birth to increase lamb birth-weight.  It can also mean removing unfertilized or fertilized egg from an animal; often as part of an embryo transfer procedure.
-;r. Ram: A Ram is an adult male sheep.
+===j. Forages or roughages===
-;s. Ration: A mixture of different types of feed.
+Forages are grass, shrubs, and plants that can be used as food for sheep.  Roughages are high fiber foods such as hay and some pasture plants.
-;t. Registered: An animal which has been issued a certificate by a breed association.  A registered animal is guaranteed to be a purebred.
+===k. Gain===
-;u. Scours: Diarrhea.  It can quickly kill a lamb.
+The increase in weight of a lamb over a period of time.
-;v. Scurred: Possessing the rudiments of a horn - hardened skin tissue where a horn would normally grow.  The scur is not skeletal tissue.
+===l. Gestation===
-;w. Sire: A sire is the father of a sheep.
+Gestation is the carrying of an unborn creature in the womb; pregnancy.
-;x. Wether: A wether is a castrated male sheep.
+===m. Grease weight===
 ==11. Care for two or more lambs until marketed or until three months of age.== <!--T:57-->

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:27, 8 July 2016
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	The Bible says Jesus is our Shepherd, an illustration that was a lot more meaningful to people who either raised sheep or were close to someone who raised sheep out in open fields. Today, many people in cities rarely even see sheep except in cartoons, much less understand the relationship between sheep and shepherd. As you care for your sheep consider how Jesus cares for us, his sheep.		The Bible says Jesus is our Shepherd, an illustration that was a lot more meaningful to people who either raised sheep or were close to someone who raised sheep out in open fields. Today, many people in cities rarely even see sheep except in cartoons, much less understand the relationship between sheep and shepherd. As you care for your sheep consider how Jesus cares for us, his sheep.

		+	<!--T:73-->
	The title "Pastor" comes from latin and literally means "feeder of sheep". In Spanish the word pastor also means shephard, and is most often seen by American's in the name of several types of "shephard's cheese". Think about how a Pastor is like a shepherd as you complete this honor.		The title "Pastor" comes from latin and literally means "feeder of sheep". In Spanish the word pastor also means shephard, and is most often seen by American's in the name of several types of "shephard's cheese". Think about how a Pastor is like a shepherd as you complete this honor.

@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 <!--T:7-->
-UK government regulations(https://www.gov.uk/sheep-and-goat-welfare) specify the following minimum standards:
+UK government regulations (https://www.gov.uk/sheep-and-goat-welfare) specify the following minimum standards:
 {|border=1
 !Sheep||Lot space
@@ Line 67: / Line 67: @@
 <!--T:13-->
-UK government regulations(https://www.gov.uk/sheep-and-goat-welfare) specify the following best practice standards:
+UK government regulations (https://www.gov.uk/sheep-and-goat-welfare) specify the following best practice standards:
 {|border=1
 !Sheep||Lot space
@@ Line 76: / Line 76: @@
 ===d. Loose barn space for small lamb === <!--T:14-->
-UK government regulations(https://www.gov.uk/sheep-and-goat-welfare) specify the following best practice standards:
+UK government regulations (https://www.gov.uk/sheep-and-goat-welfare) specify the following best practice standards:
 {|border=1
 !Sheep||Lot space
@@ Line 90: / Line 90: @@
 <!--T:18-->
-UK government regulations(https://www.gov.uk/sheep-and-goat-welfare) specify the following best practice standards:
+UK government regulations (https://www.gov.uk/sheep-and-goat-welfare) specify the following best practice standards:
 When feeding all your sheep at once, the minimum trough space required is approximately:
 {|border=1
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 ==6. What considerations should be taken into account when selecting the breed of stock? == <!--T:27-->
-First you need to understand why you want to raise sheep.  Sheep have been bred to optimize their wool production, meat production, milk production, and even multi-purpose breeds.  Do some market research before deciding.  If there is no market in your area for wool, you should consider raising a meat or milk breed.  Likewise, if the market for mutton is weak, you should go with a wool breed.  Choosing a multi-purpose breed might be a good way to hedge your bet, but these animals do not produce as well as a breed dedicated to a specific end-product.  Also think about how much time you have.  Do you have the necessary dedication to get up early every morning to milk your ewes?
+First you need to understand why you want to raise sheep.  Sheep have been bred to optimize their wool production, meat production, milk production, and then there are multi-purpose breeds designed to do several of these.  Do some market research before deciding on a breed.  If there is no market in your area for wool, you should consider raising a meat or milk breed.  Likewise, if the market for mutton is weak, you should go with a wool breed.  Choosing a multi-purpose breed might be a good way to hedge your bet, but these animals do not produce as well as a breed dedicated to a specific end-product.  Also think about how much time you have.  Do you have the necessary dedication to get up early every morning to milk your ewes?
 <!--T:28-->
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 ====Jugging==== <!--T:45-->
-Some shepards like to use a small pen (5 ft. x 5 ft.) called a "jug" for new lambs for one to three days (if there are no problems). This facilitates easy observation and helps the lambs and ewe bond. Kind of like the materinity ward in the hospital. On the second day, the lambs are weighed and ear-tagged. Record the birth date, sex, weight, and ear tag number of each lamb. You may also want to dock tails and/or castrate.
+Some shepherds like to use a small pen (5 ft. x 5 ft.) called a "jug" for new lambs for one to three days (if there are no problems). This facilitates easy observation and helps the lambs and ewe bond. Kind of like the maternity ward in the hospital. On the second day, the lambs are weighed and ear-tagged. Record the birth date, sex, weight, and ear tag number of each lamb. You may also want to dock tails and/or castrate.
 ====Mixing pens==== <!--T:46-->
@@ Line 189: / Line 189: @@
 ====Vaccinations==== <!--T:50-->
-When the lambs are 6 to 8 weeks old, they should be vaccinated for clostridium perfringins type C & D (overeating disease) and clostridium tetani (tetanus). They should receive a booster approximately four weeks later. Check with your local vet about appropriate vaccinations for your area.
+When the lambs are 6 to 8 weeks old, they should be vaccinated for clostridium perfringens type C & D (overeating disease) and clostridium tetani (tetanus). They should receive a booster approximately four weeks later. Check with your local vet about appropriate vaccinations for your area.
 ====Weaning and Sale==== <!--T:51-->
 Lambs are weaned by the time they are 90 days old by separating them from their mothers. They are also weighed and this information recorded for future reference. Between 3 and 4 months of age you need to separate the rams from the ewe lambs to prevent premature breeding.
 <!--T:52-->
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 *Ask friends and family about areas they own you could use.  Perhaps someone has grass that needs natural mowing.
 *Volunteer at a petting zoo
 <!--T:62-->
-Next you will need at least one pregnant ewe (hopefully with twins). For this you will need to find a ewe and get her breed. The livestock auction or a sheep breeder are good places to start.
+Next you will need at least one pregnant ewe (hopefully with twins). For this you will need to find a ewe and get her breed. The livestock auction or a sheep breeder are good places to start. If you buy at auction you will need to buy or borrow a ram. For this reason you may prefer to buy from a breeder that will help you get started and offer advice.
 <!--T:63-->
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 <!--T:64-->
-Have fun being a Shepherd.
+Have fun being a shepherd.
 ===Market=== <!--T:65-->
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 <!--T:68-->
 Source: FAOSTAT 2010
 <!--T:69-->
-The USA is not in the top 10 sheep owning list. "Over the past 200 years, the U.S. sheep population has come full circle. From 7 million head in the early 1800's, sheep numbers peaked at 56 million in 1945, then declined to less than 7 million head on January 1, 2003. At the same time, industry emphasis has changed from wool to meat. Sheep numbers increased slightly in 2005 and 2006, the first time since 1990." Source <http://www.sheep101.info/farm.html>
+The USA is not even close to being in the top 10 sheep owning country list. "Over the past 200 years, the U.S. sheep population has come full circle. From 7 million head in the early 1800's, sheep numbers peaked at 56 million in 1945, then declined to less than 7 million head on January 1, 2003. At the same time, industry emphasis has changed from wool to meat. Sheep numbers increased slightly in 2005 and 2006, the first time since 1990." Source <http://www.sheep101.info/farm.html>
-==Comments== <!--T:70-->
+==Spiritual Comments== <!--T:70-->
 <!--T:71-->
-The Bible says Jesus is our Shepherd, an illustration that was a lot more meaningful to people who either raised sheep or were close to someone who raised sheep out in open fields. Today, many people in cities rarely even see sheep except in cartoons, much less understand the relationship between sheep and owner.
+The Bible says Jesus is our Shepherd, an illustration that was a lot more meaningful to people who either raised sheep or were close to someone who raised sheep out in open fields. Today, many people in cities rarely even see sheep except in cartoons, much less understand the relationship between sheep and shepherd. As you care for your sheep consider how Jesus cares for us, his sheep.
 ==References== <!--T:72-->

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 * http://www.accidentalsmallholder.net/livestock/sheep/
 *https://www.gov.uk/sheep-and-goat-welfare
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 [[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]

← Older revision	Revision as of 20:53, 19 December 2020
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AY Honors/Sheep Husbandry/Answer Key - Revision history

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