Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Weather - Advanced/Answer Key"

From Pathfinder Wiki
< AY Honors‎ | Weather - AdvancedAY Honors/Weather - Advanced/Answer Key
 
(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
[[Image:Max Min Thermometer.JPG|250px|right|thumb|A Maximum Minimum thermometer, also known as Six’s thermometer after its inventor. The scales are Fahrenheit on the inside of the U and Celsius on the outside. The current temperature is 23 degrees Celsius, The maximum recorded is 25, and the minimum is 15, both read from the base of the small markers in each arm of the U tube. The bulbs are hidden by a plastic housing.]]
+
{{honor_header|2|1949|Nature|General Conference}}
 +
==1. Have the Weather Honor.==
 +
{{ay prerequisite|Nature|Weather}}
  
−
'''Six's thermometer''' is a [[thermometer]] which can measure the [[maximum]] and [[minimum]] [[temperature]] during a given time, devised by [[James Six]] in [[1782]]. It is also known as a '''Maximum minimum thermometer'''. It is still in common use wherever a simple way is needed to measure the extremes of temperature at a location, e.g. in [[meteorology]] and [[horticulture]].
+
==2. Explain cyclonic and anticyclonic weather conditions and know how they bring about weather changes.==
 +
 +
==3. What are cold fronts and warm fronts? How do they move and what weather con­ditions do they produce?==
 +
 +
==4. Explain the following weather conditions:==
 +
 +
===a. Chinook winds===
 +
 +
===b. Trade winds===
 +
 +
===c. Belt of calms===
 +
 +
===d. Tornadoes===
 +
 +
===e. Squall line===
 +
 +
===f. Typhoons===
 +
 +
===g. Hurricanes===
 +
 +
===h. Blizzards===
 +
 +
===i. Ice storm===
 +
 +
==5. Explain the action of a registering thermometer, registering barograph, hygrometer, and an anemometer. ==
 +
 +
==6. Correctly read a daily weather map as published by the National Weather Service, explaining the symbols and telling how predictions are made.==
 +
 +
==7. What is meant by relative humidity and dew-point?==
 +
The amount of water that air can hold depends on the temperature.  The hotter it gets, the more water the air can hold. At any given temperature, the air can become so saturated with water that it cannot hold any more. Water will not evaporate under this condition.
  
−
==Description==
+
The ratio of how much water is in the air compared to how much ''could'' be in the air is the relative humidity. The relative humidity is 100% when the air can hold no more water.
−
It consists of a U-shaped capillary tube with two separate temperature readings, one for the maximum temperature and one for the minimum temperature. There are bulbs at the top of each arm of the U-shaped tube. The one at the top of the minimum reading scale contains [[alcohol]], the other contains a [[vacuum]] or low pressure alcohol vapour.  
 
  
−
In the bend of the U is a section of [[mercury (element)|mercury]] which is pushed around the tube by the expansion and contraction of the alcohol in the first bulb. It is the alcohol which measures the temperature, the mercury indicates the temperature reading on both scales.  
+
Recall that the air can hold more water when it is warm as compared to when it is cold.  Therefore, if the temperature changes while the amount of water in the air remains constant, the humidity will change. As the air warms, the relative humidity will drop.  As it cools, the relative humidity will rise.
  
−
At any given time the position of the mercury should be the same on both the maximum and minimum scales. If not then the instrument scales are not correctly positioned.
+
The dew point is the temperature for which the relative humidity will be 100% assuming the amount of water in the air remains unchanged. If the temperature drops below the dew point, the air will no longer be able to hold all the water, so it condenses out in the form of dew or fog.
−
 
 
−
As the mercury moves it pushes 2 small steel markers which are sprung into the tube. They record the furthest point reached by the mercury in each arm of the tube. When the temperature reverses and the mercury is moved in the opposite direction by the expansion or contraction of the alcohol, the sprung markers remain in the tube at the furthest position they have been pushed by the mercury. They thus record the extremes of temperature experienced by the device since it was last reset.
 
−
 
 
−
The markers are reset by using a small [[magnet]] which can drag the markers along the tube so that they again rest on the surface of the mercury. In some designs the tube is [[horizontal plane|horizontal]] and the markers un-sprung so the device is reset by turning it to the [[vertical direction|vertical]] so that [[gravity]] returns the markers to the mercury.
 
−
 
 
−
Its important to note that the alcohol is used as the thermometric liquid, while the mercury only serves as an indicator.
 
  
 +
==8. Draw a cross section of the atmosphere, showing its five layers and describe them.==
 +
 +
==9. Keep a daily weather chart for three weeks. Include the following:==
 +
 +
===a. Amount of precipitation (Secure this either from your own home-made device or from official records.)===
 +
 +
===b. Barometer reading===
 +
 +
===c. Cloud formation===
 +
 +
===d. High and low temperature===
 +
 +
===e. Wind speed and direction===
 +
 +
===g. Weather forecasts and comparison to what really happened.===
 +
 +
==10. Discuss the effect of mankind on weather.==
 
==References==
 
==References==
−
*''A History of the Thermometer and Its Uses in Meteorology'' by W. E. Knowles Middleton, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1966; ISBN 0-8018-7153-0
 
−
 
−
*''The Construction of a Thermometer'' by James Six, Nimbus Publishing Ltd,1980; ISBN 0-9507036-0-5
 
−
BIANCAAAAAAAAA
 
−
NATIIIIIIIIIII
 
−
ODIO GEOGRAFIA
 
−
PUTO GEOGRAFIA
 
−
GEOGRAFIAAAAAAAAAAAA ES LO MASSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS NOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO!!!!!!!!!!!!
 
−
ODIO LOS PUTOS DPTSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
 
−
 
−
==External links==
 
−
*[http://brunelleschi.imss.fi.it/genscheda.asp?appl=SIM&xsl=catalogo&indice=54&lingua=ENG&chiave=410041 Article on Six thermometer at the Museum of the History of Science at Florence , Italy]
 
−
*[http://www.syvum.com/cgi/online/serve.cgi/squizzes/physics/thermometers.html Explanation of the working of Six's thermometer]
 
−
 
−
[[Category:Thermometers]]
 
  
−
[[de:Minimum-Maximum-Thermometer]]
+
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
−
[[fr:Thermomètre à minimum et maximum]]
 

Revision as of 23:33, 1 December 2007

Template:Honor header

1. Have the Weather Honor.

Template:Ay prerequisite

2. Explain cyclonic and anticyclonic weather conditions and know how they bring about weather changes.

3. What are cold fronts and warm fronts? How do they move and what weather con­ditions do they produce?

4. Explain the following weather conditions:

a. Chinook winds

b. Trade winds

c. Belt of calms

d. Tornadoes

e. Squall line

f. Typhoons

g. Hurricanes

h. Blizzards

i. Ice storm

5. Explain the action of a registering thermometer, registering barograph, hygrometer, and an anemometer.

6. Correctly read a daily weather map as published by the National Weather Service, explaining the symbols and telling how predictions are made.

7. What is meant by relative humidity and dew-point?

The amount of water that air can hold depends on the temperature. The hotter it gets, the more water the air can hold. At any given temperature, the air can become so saturated with water that it cannot hold any more. Water will not evaporate under this condition.

The ratio of how much water is in the air compared to how much could be in the air is the relative humidity. The relative humidity is 100% when the air can hold no more water.

Recall that the air can hold more water when it is warm as compared to when it is cold. Therefore, if the temperature changes while the amount of water in the air remains constant, the humidity will change. As the air warms, the relative humidity will drop. As it cools, the relative humidity will rise.

The dew point is the temperature for which the relative humidity will be 100% assuming the amount of water in the air remains unchanged. If the temperature drops below the dew point, the air will no longer be able to hold all the water, so it condenses out in the form of dew or fog.

8. Draw a cross section of the atmosphere, showing its five layers and describe them.

9. Keep a daily weather chart for three weeks. Include the following:

a. Amount of precipitation (Secure this either from your own home-made device or from official records.)

b. Barometer reading

c. Cloud formation

d. High and low temperature

e. Wind speed and direction

g. Weather forecasts and comparison to what really happened.

10. Discuss the effect of mankind on weather.

References

Retrieved from "https://wiki.pathfindersonline.org/index.php?title=AY_Honors/Weather_-_Advanced/Answer_Key&oldid=14445"