Difference between revisions of "Field Guide/Birds/Aquila chrysaetos"

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{{Taxobox_ordo_entry | taxon = [[Falconiformes]]}}
 
{{Taxobox_ordo_entry | taxon = [[Falconiformes]]}}
 
{{Taxobox_familia_entry | taxon = [[Accipitridae]]}}
 
{{Taxobox_familia_entry | taxon = [[Accipitridae]]}}
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{{Taxobox_genus_entry | taxon = '''''[[Eagle|Aquila]]'''''}}
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{{Taxobox_genus_entry | taxon = ''[[Eagle|Aquila]]''}}
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{{Taxobox_species_entry | taxon = '''''chrysaetos'''''}}
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{{Taxobox_species_entry | taxon = '''''A. chrysaetos'''''}}
 
{{Taxobox_end_placement}}
 
{{Taxobox_end_placement}}
 
{{Taxobox_section_binomial | color = pink | binomial_name = Aquila chrysaetos | author = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] | date = [[1758]]}}
 
{{Taxobox_section_binomial | color = pink | binomial_name = Aquila chrysaetos | author = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] | date = [[1758]]}}
 
{{Taxobox_end}}
 
{{Taxobox_end}}
  
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The '''Golden Eagle''' (''Aquila chrysaetos'') is one of the best known [[bird of prey|birds of prey]] in the world. Like all [[eagle]]s, it belongs to the family [[Accipitridae]].
+
The '''Golden Eagle''' (''Aquila chrysaetos'') is one of the best known [[bird of prey|birds of prey]] in the Northern Hemisphere. Like all [[eagle]]s, it belongs to the family [[Accipitridae]].
  
−
Once the Golden Eagle lived in all temperate [[Europe]], North [[Asia]], [[North America]], North [[Africa]] and [[Japan]]. In most areas this bird now is a mountain-dweller, but in former centuries it was also distributed in the plains and the forests.
+
There are five [[subspecies]] of the Golden Eagle:
  
−
There was a great decline in Central Europe, where the Golden Eagle now is restricted to the [[Alps]]. In [[Great Britain|Britain]], there are about 500 birds left in the [[Scotland|Scottish]] highlands. In North America the situation is not as dramatic, but there has been a noticeable decline as well. Efforts are also being made to re-introduce the species in [[Ireland]], where they had been extinct since the early 20th Century. 35 birds have been released into the wild since [[2001]].
+
* '''Eurasian Golden Eagle''' (''A. c. chrysaetos'')
 +
* '''American Golden Eagle''' (''A. c. canadensis'')
 +
* '''Spanish Golden Eagle''' (''A. c. homeryi'')
 +
* '''Japanese Golden Eagle''' (''A. c. japonica'')
 +
* '''Russian Berkut''' (''A. c. daphanea'')
 +
 
 +
== Distribution ==
  
−
[[Image:GoldenEagle-Nova.jpg|thumb|left|200px|A five year-old American Golden Eagle.]]A pair of Golden Eagles build several eyries within their territory. They use them alternately for several years. The nest consists of heavy tree branches, upholstered with grass.  
+
At one time the Golden Eagle lived in temperate [[Europe]], North [[Asia]], [[North America]], North [[Africa]] and [[Japan]]. In most areas this bird is now is a mountain-dweller, but in former centuries it also bred in the plains and the forests.  
  
−
Old eyries may be 2 metres in diameter and 1 metre in height, as the eagles enlarge their nests every year. If the eyrie is situated on a tree it may happen that the supporting tree branches break because of the weight of the nest.
+
There was a great decline in Central Europe, and the Golden Eagle is now restricted to the [[Alps]]. In [[Britain]], there are about 500 birds left in the [[Scotland|Scottish]] highlands. In North America the situation is not as dramatic, but there has been a noticeable decline as well.  
  
−
The female lays two eggs between January and May (depending on the area). After 45 days the youngs hatch. They are entirely white and are fed for fifty days before they are able to make their first flight attempts and eat on their own. In most cases only the older chick survives, while the younger one dies before leaving the eyrie.
+
In Central Asia, Golden Eagles sometimes are trained for [[falconry]], and in [[Kazakhstan]] there are still hunters using these eagles in order to catch deer and antelopes.
  
−
The couple remains together for life. They often have a division of labour while hunting: one partner drives the prey to its waiting partner. The prey is [[marmot]]s, [[hare]]s and [[mouse|mice]], sometimes [[bird]]s, [[marten]]s, [[fox]]es and young [[deer]]. Large [[mammal]]s like [[chamois]] or adult deer can only be taken if they are wounded or sick.
+
Efforts are being made to re-introduce the species in [[Ireland]], where they had been extinct since the early 20th Century. 35 birds have been released into the wild since 2001.
  
−
Adult Golden Eagles have an average length of 75-85 cm (30-34"), a wingspan of 175-200 cm (70-80"), and a weight of 3 to 5 kg. As in all birds of prey, the females are generally slightly larger than the males.
+
== Reproduction ==
  
−
In Central Asia, Golden Eagles sometimes are trained for [[falconry]], and in [[Kazakhstan]] there are still hunters using these eagles in order to catch deer and antelopes.
+
A pair of Golden Eagles remains together for life. They build several [[eyrie]]s within their territory and use them alternately for several years. The nest consists of heavy tree branches, upholstered with grass.  
  
−
==Links==
+
Old eyries may be 2 metres in diameter and 1 metre in height, as the eagles enlarge their nests every year. If the eyrie is situated on a tree, supporting tree branches may break because of the weight of the nest.
−
*[http://www.panoraama.com/live/maakotka/ Live Eagle camera]
 
  
−
[[Image:Hunting with Golden Eagles .jpg|thumb|The trained hunting Burgut - Golden Eagle - of Eastern Turkestan. 1870s]]
+
The female lays two eggs between January and May (depending on the area). After 45 days the young hatch. They are entirely white and are fed for fifty days before they are able to make their first flight attempts and eat on their own. In most cases only the older chick, which takes most of the food, survives, while the younger one dies before leaving the eyrie.
  
−
[[Image:Golden Eagle (small illustration).jpg|thumb|]]
+
== Physical Characteristics ==
−
{{commons|Aquila chrysaetos}}
 
  
 +
Adult Golden Eagles have an average length of 75-85 cm (30-34"), a wingspan of 175-200 cm (70-80"), and a weight of 3 to 5 kg. As in all birds of prey, the females are generally slightly larger than the males.
  
 +
== Food ==
 +
Golden Eagles often have a division of labour while hunting: one partner drives the prey to its waiting partner. Their prey includes [[marmot]]s, [[hare]]s and [[mouse|mice]], and sometimes [[bird]]s, [[marten]]s, [[fox]]es and young [[deer]]. Large [[mammal]]s like [[chamois]] or adult deer can only be taken if they are wounded or sick.
  
−
There are five [[subspecies]] of Golden Eagle:
+
==Gallery==
 +
<gallery>
 +
Image:Hunting with Golden Eagles .jpg|The hunting Burgut - Golden Eagle - of Eastern Turkestan (1870s)
 +
Image:Golden Eagle (small illustration).jpg|Illustration of Golden Eagle, by Louis Agassiz Fuertes, 1897
 +
Image:GoldenEagle-Nova.jpg|A five year-old American Golden Eagle.
 +
</gallery>
  
−
* '''Eurasian Golden Eagle''' (''A. c. chrysaetos'')
+
{{commons|Aquila chrysaetos}}
−
* '''American Golden Eagle''' (''A. c. canadensis'')
+
==External link==
−
* '''Spanish Golden Eagle''' (''A. c. homeryi'')
+
*[http://www.panoraama.com/live/maakotka/ Live Eagle camera]
−
* '''Japanese Golden Eagle''' (''A. c. japonica'')
+
*[http://www.mongoliaphoto.com.com/ Photo Hunting with Golden Eagles]
−
* '''Russian Berkut''' (''A. c. daphanea'')
 
  
 
[[Category:Fauna of the Alps]]
 
[[Category:Fauna of the Alps]]
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[[bg:Скален орел]]
 
[[bg:Скален орел]]
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[[da:Kongeørn]]  
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[[cs:Orel skalní]]
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[[da:Kongeørn]]
 
[[de:Steinadler]]
 
[[de:Steinadler]]
 
[[es:Águila real]]
 
[[es:Águila real]]
 
[[eo:Reĝa aglo]]
 
[[eo:Reĝa aglo]]
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[[fi:Maakotka]]
 
 
[[fr:Aigle royal]]
 
[[fr:Aigle royal]]
 
[[fy:Keningsearn]]
 
[[fy:Keningsearn]]
 
[[gl:Aguia real]]
 
[[gl:Aguia real]]
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[[ja:イヌワシ]]
 
 
[[lt:Kilnusis erelis]]
 
[[lt:Kilnusis erelis]]
 
[[nl:Steenarend]]
 
[[nl:Steenarend]]
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[[pl:Orzeł przedni]]  
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[[ja:イヌワシ]]
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[[pl:Orzeł przedni]]
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[[pt:Águia real]]
 
[[sl:Planinski orel]]
 
[[sl:Planinski orel]]
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[[fi:Maakotka]]
 
[[sv:Kungsörn]]
 
[[sv:Kungsörn]]

Revision as of 10:42, 16 January 2006

Template:Taxobox begin Template:Taxobox image Template:Taxobox begin placement Template:Taxobox regnum entry Template:Taxobox phylum entry Template:Taxobox classis entry Template:Taxobox ordo entry Template:Taxobox familia entry Template:Taxobox genus entry Template:Taxobox species entry Template:Taxobox end placement Template:Taxobox section binomial Template:Taxobox end

The Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is one of the best known birds of prey in the Northern Hemisphere. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae.

There are five subspecies of the Golden Eagle:

  • Eurasian Golden Eagle (A. c. chrysaetos)
  • American Golden Eagle (A. c. canadensis)
  • Spanish Golden Eagle (A. c. homeryi)
  • Japanese Golden Eagle (A. c. japonica)
  • Russian Berkut (A. c. daphanea)

Distribution

At one time the Golden Eagle lived in temperate Europe, North Asia, North America, North Africa and Japan. In most areas this bird is now is a mountain-dweller, but in former centuries it also bred in the plains and the forests.

There was a great decline in Central Europe, and the Golden Eagle is now restricted to the Alps. In Britain, there are about 500 birds left in the Scottish highlands. In North America the situation is not as dramatic, but there has been a noticeable decline as well.

In Central Asia, Golden Eagles sometimes are trained for falconry, and in Kazakhstan there are still hunters using these eagles in order to catch deer and antelopes.

Efforts are being made to re-introduce the species in Ireland, where they had been extinct since the early 20th Century. 35 birds have been released into the wild since 2001.

Reproduction

A pair of Golden Eagles remains together for life. They build several eyries within their territory and use them alternately for several years. The nest consists of heavy tree branches, upholstered with grass.

Old eyries may be 2 metres in diameter and 1 metre in height, as the eagles enlarge their nests every year. If the eyrie is situated on a tree, supporting tree branches may break because of the weight of the nest.

The female lays two eggs between January and May (depending on the area). After 45 days the young hatch. They are entirely white and are fed for fifty days before they are able to make their first flight attempts and eat on their own. In most cases only the older chick, which takes most of the food, survives, while the younger one dies before leaving the eyrie.

Physical Characteristics

Adult Golden Eagles have an average length of 75-85 cm (30-34"), a wingspan of 175-200 cm (70-80"), and a weight of 3 to 5 kg. As in all birds of prey, the females are generally slightly larger than the males.

Food

Golden Eagles often have a division of labour while hunting: one partner drives the prey to its waiting partner. Their prey includes marmots, hares and mice, and sometimes birds, martens, foxes and young deer. Large mammals like chamois or adult deer can only be taken if they are wounded or sick.

Gallery

  • The hunting Burgut - Golden Eagle - of Eastern Turkestan (1870s)

  • Illustration of Golden Eagle, by Louis Agassiz Fuertes, 1897

  • A five year-old American Golden Eagle.

Template:Commons

External link

bg:Скален орел cs:Orel skalní da:Kongeørn de:Steinadler es:Águila real eo:Reĝa aglo fr:Aigle royal fy:Keningsearn gl:Aguia real lt:Kilnusis erelis nl:Steenarend ja:イヌワシ pl:Orzeł przedni pt:Águia real sl:Planinski orel fi:Maakotka sv:Kungsörn

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